Abstract
The packaging of DNA into chromatin results in a barrier to all DNA transactions. To facilitate transcription, replication and repair histone proteins are frequently post-translational modified. Such covalent additions to histone residues can modulate chromatin folding and/or provide specificity to docking surfaces for non-histone chromatin proteins. In the budding yeast, one such modification, transient acetylation of histone H3 on residue lysine 56 (H3K56ac); occurs on newly synthesized H3 molecules and facilitates their deposition onto newly replicated DNA during S phase. H3K56ac also has a role in chromatin reassembly following DNA damage in S phase. Importantly, the completion of H3K56ac-dependent chromatin reassembly appears to be required for resumption of cell proliferation after DNA repair. Emerging evidence, although not without conflict, suggests that H3K56ac is not only present in human cells, but is similarly regulated and required for chromatin reassembly.
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Abbreviations
- Asf1:
-
Anti-Silencing Function 1
- CAF-1:
-
Chromatin Assembly Factor 1
- CBP/p300:
-
CREB Binding Protein/ Histone acetyltransferase p300
- CPT:
-
Camptothecin
- DDR:
-
DNA Damage Response
- DSB:
-
Double Strand Break
- FACT:
-
Facilitates Chromatin Transcription
- HAT:
-
Histone Acetyltransferase
- HDAC:
-
Distone Deacetylase
- Hst3/Hst4:
-
Homologue of Sir2 3/4
- MMS:
-
Methyl Methane-sulfonate
- PH:
-
Pleckstrin Homology
- Pob3:
-
Pol1 Binding 3
- Rtt109/Rtt106:
-
Regulator of Ty1 Transposition 109/106
- Sir2:
-
Silent mating type Information Regulation 2
- Top1:
-
Topoisomerase 1
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Acknowledgements
We thank members of the Centre for Chromosome Biology, particularly Andrew Flaus, for their helpful input. TC has received support from the Irish Research Council for Science and Engineering Technology (IRCSET) and Cancer Research Ireland (CRI, grant CR105GRE). Work in the Lowndes’ laboratory is supported by an European Union Sixth Framework Programme Integrated project, “DNA Repair,” contract number 512113 and Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator (SFI-PI) Award, 07/IN1/B958.
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Costelloe, T., Lowndes, N.F. (2010). Chromatin Assembly and Signalling the End of DNA Repair Requires Acetylation of Histone H3 on Lysine 56. In: Nasheuer, HP. (eds) Genome Stability and Human Diseases. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 50. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3471-7_3
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