Abstract
The main purposes of this investigation were to typify the runoff regime (i.e., the typical timely distribution of their flow discharges within the year) in the various regions of the Danube Catchment, and to determine the areal distribution within the Danube Catchment of various indices, each of which characterize the stability of one selected (or integrated) element of the interannual distribution of the flow discharges in the rivers.
The present investigation was carried out as one of the projects of the hydrological co-operation of the 13 Danube Countries in the frame of IHP (International Hydrological Programme) UNESCO.
The computations necessary for the investigations were carried out by processing the series of monthly mean discharge values of 206 gauging stations operated on the river network of the Danube Catchment. Data series covering 51 years (1950–2000) or the only slightly shorter length of 42 years could be provided for the majority (95%) of the stations.
The identification of runoff regime types and stability is based on the probability of occurrence of six particular hydrological events: the first, second and third greatest monthly mean discharges of the year, symbolized with MAX1, MAX2 and MAX3, and the first, second and third lowest monthly mean discharges of the year, min1, min2 and min3.
The numerical results of the runoff regime type identification process can be seen in Table 5.5 and in Annex 3. They are graphically displayed on the map of the Danube Catchment in Annex 2.
Eight main runoff regime types and 17 subtypes were found in the Danube Catchment. Various indices characterizing the stability of the runoff regime, N(MAX1), N(MAX2), N(MAX3), N(min1), N(min2), N(min3), along with the synthesizing indices NMAX, Nmin and N R, as defined, after Nováky, by the formulae Eq. (5.2) and Eq. (5.6), were computed and displayed on the maps of Annexes 4–6.
This publication was prepared in co-operation with the following experts from respective countries: Johann Weber (Germany), Harald Kling (Austria), Dr. Eva Soukalová (Czech Republic), Jana Poórová (Slovakia), Dipl. Geogr. Kovács Péter, Domokos Miklós, Dr Nováky Béla (Hungary), Dr. Mojca Sraj (Slovenia), Bojana Horvat (Croatia), Esena Kupusovic (Bosnia and Herzegovina), Prof. Stevan Prohaska (Serbia and Montenegro), Valentina Ungureanu (Romania), Dr. Snejana Dakova (Bulgaria), Ludmila Serenko (Moldova), Mihail Sosyedko (Ukraine)
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bergmann H, Domokos M, Krainer R, Krall E, Goda L, Hamza I, Neppel F, Nováky B (2001) Untersuchungen im Einzugsgebiet der oberen Raab über hydrologische Folgen einer möglichen Klimaänderung. Schriftenreihe zur Wasserwirtschaft No. 36, Technische Universität Graz, Graz – Budapest
Holko L, Kostka Z, Miklánek P (2005) Basin-Wide Water Balance of the Danube River Basin – Maps of mean annual precipitation, actual evapotranspiration and runoff 1961–1990, Final report. Institute of Hydrology SAS, Liptovský Mikuláš, Slovakia
Kovács P, Nováky B (2004) Characterization of the runoff regime and its stability in the Tisza Catchment. Proceedings of the 22nd conference of Danubian countries on the hydrological forecasting and hydrological bases of water management. Brno, Czech Republic
Nováky B, Goda L, Domokos M, Bergmann H (2001) Looking for the impacts of climate change on the hydrometeorological data series of the Upper Raab Catchment. Vízügyi Közlemények, LXXXIII, vol 3. Hungarian National Water Authority, Budapest, p 393
Nováky B, Szalay M (2001) The runoff regime stability of the Hungarian rivers. Szent István University, Gödöllő
RCDC (Regional Cooperation of the Danube Countries) (1999) Palaeogeography of the Danube and its catchment [Follow-up volume No.V/2 to the Danube Monograph]. VITUKI, Budapest
RCDC (Regional Cooperation of the Danube Countries) (2004) Inventory of the main hydraulic structures in the Danube Basin [Follow-up volume No.VIII/1 to the Danube Monograph]. NIMH, Bucharest
RZD (Regionale Zusammenarbeit der Donauländer) (1986) Die Donau und ihr Einzugsgebiet. Eine hydrologische Monographie. Teil 1: Texte, Teil 2: Tabellen, Teil 3: Karten [Danube Monograph, German version]. Bayerisches Landesamt für Wasserwirtschaft, München
Stančík A, Jovanović S et al (1988) Hydrology of the River Danube [Quadrilingual, abridged version of the Danube Monograph]. Príroda, Bratislava
Stanescu VA, Corbus C (2004) Discriminant descriptors and stability of the river flow regime; A methodological attempt. Proceedings of the 22nd Conference of Danubian countries on the hydrological forecasting and hydrological bases of water management. Brno, Czech Republic
Stanescu VA, Ungureanu V (1997) Hydrological regimes in the FRIEND-AMHY area: space variability and stability. FRIEND ’97 – Regional hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Resource Management. IAHS Publ. No. 246. p 67
USGS (United States Geological Survey – EROS Data Center) (2003) HYDRO1k Documentation. Sioux Falls, SD. http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/gtopo30/hydro/readme.asp
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kovács, P. (2010). Characterization of the Runoff Regime and Its Stability in the Danube Catchment. In: Brilly, M. (eds) Hydrological Processes of the Danube River Basin. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3423-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3423-6_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-3422-9
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-3423-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)