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Managing the Prenatal Environment to Enhance Livestock Productivity pp 161–202Cite as

Mechanistic Aspects of Fetal Development Relating to Postnatal Health and Metabolism in Pigs

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Abstract

The productivity of the pig ranks high when compared with the other classes of farm mammals. Reproductive potential is the most important factor contributing to total meat production from this species. The high rate of productivity in the pig is dependent upon early sexual maturity, a comparatively high ovulation rate, relatively short periods of gestation and lactation, as well as the capability of repeating the pregnancy cycle soon after weaning a litter. Some important limitations affecting this production potential are ovulation rate, embryonic death, and perinatal and neonatal losses. This review focuses on (1) the roles of maternal nutrition and ovarian function on fetal development, (2) genotype of the dam affecting fetal development and litter size, (3) maternal circulating hormone concentrations during different stages of gestation as related to fetal development and litter size, (4) effects of specific nutrients and hormones for the dam on fetal development, and (5) maternal reproductive diseases affecting fetal development.

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2003-35206-12817 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Research, and from the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, supported by Hatch and State of Iowa funds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Davis College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Consumer Sciences, West Virginia University, 26506-6108, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Matthew E. Wilson

  2. Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, 50011-3150, Ames, IA, USA

    Lloyd L. Anderson

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  1. Matthew E. Wilson
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Correspondence to Matthew E. Wilson .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Trevenna Road, Armidale, 2351, Australia

    Paul L. Greenwood

  2. Livestock Industries, Queensland Bioscience Precinct, CSIRO, Carmody Rd. 306, St. Lucia, 4067, Australia

    Alan W. Bell

  3. Fac. Natural & Agricultural Sciences, School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia

    Philip E. Vercoe

  4. Agency (IAEA), Division of Nuclear Techniques in, International Atomic Energy, Wagramer Str. 5, Wien, 1400, Austria

    Gerrit J. Viljoen

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Wilson, M.E., Anderson, L.L. (2009). Mechanistic Aspects of Fetal Development Relating to Postnatal Health and Metabolism in Pigs. In: Greenwood, P., Bell, A., Vercoe, P., Viljoen, G. (eds) Managing the Prenatal Environment to Enhance Livestock Productivity. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3135-8_6

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