Abstract
The phenomenon of charge migration in DNA has attracted considerable interest of experimental as well as computational research in the last decade. It poses a huge challenge for simulation, due to the large system size and the long relevant time scales. Simple modeling frameworks may miss or overapproximate several important factors influencing the charge transfer in DNA, most prominently the dynamical and solvent effects. Therefore, modern approaches make use of multi-scale coarse-grained computational schemes, which have been developed in several labs recently. These techniques combine empirical force fields to capture the DNA dynamics and quantum-chemical methods to describe the actual charge transfer events. The performed simulations show that the dynamics and solvent effects play a major role in DNA charge transfer.
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- 1.
More precisely, this holds only if the diabatic states, i.e. HOMOs are orthogonal. If this is not the case, a correction should be introduced, as mentioned in Section 8.2.3.1.
- 2.
In this second phase of an FO calculation, a different DFTB basis set is used. The standard DFTB basis set uses markedly compressed electron density, which leads to underestimated electronic couplings. Therefore, a re-optimized basis set featuring nearly uncompressed density is used in the second phase of FO, in order to provide couplings of good quality. See [55] for details.
- 3.
Note the distance of stacked nucleobases in the A- or B-DNA structure of as little as 3.5 Å.
- 4.
Alternatively, it would be possible to evaluate the CT parameters for a static DNA structure – for instance idealized B-DNA, an X-ray structure or an averaged structure from MD simulation.
- 5.
Or on a group of nucleobases, if the hole can spread over them.
- 6.
This phenomenon may be described as a polaron, which is accompanying the migrating hole.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Ben Woiczikowski for his contribution to this research. The fruitful collaboration with Rafael Gutiérrez and Giovanni Cuniberti is acknowledged. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Project DFG-EL 206/5-2.
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Kubař, T., Elstner, M. (2010). Simulation of Charge Transfer in DNA. In: Paneth, P., Dybala-Defratyka, A. (eds) Kinetics and Dynamics. Challenges and Advances in Computational Chemistry and Physics, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3034-4_8
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