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DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas

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New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences

Part of the book series: International Year of Planet Earth ((IYPE))

Abstract

The isostatic adjustment of the solid Earth to the glacial loading (GIA, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment) with its temporal signature offers a great opportunity to retrieve information of Earth’s upper mantle to the changing mass of glaciers and ice sheets, which in turn is driven by variations in Quaternary climate. DynaQlim (Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas) has its focus to study the relations between upper mantle dynamics, its composition and physical properties, temperature, rheology, and Quaternary climate. Its regional focus lies on the cratonic areas of northern Canada and Scandinavia.

Geodetic methods like repeated precise levelling, tide gauges, high-resolution observations of recent movements, gravity change and monitoring of postglacial faults have given information on the GIA process for more than 100 years. They are accompanied by more recent techniques like GPS observations and the GRACE and GOCE satellite missions which provide additional global and regional constraints on the gravity field. Combining geodetic observations with seismological investigations, studies of the postglacial faults and continuum mechanical modelling of GIA, DynaQlim offers new insights into properties of the lithosphere. Another step toward a better understanding of GIA has been the joint inversion of different types of observational data – preferentially connected with geological relative sea-level evidence of the Earth’s rebound during the last 10,000 years.

Due to the changes in the lithospheric stress state large faults ruptured violently at the end of the last glaciation in large earthquakes, up to the magnitudes MW = 7–8. Whether the rebound stress is still able to trigger a significant fraction of intraplate seismic events in these regions is not completely understood due to the complexity and spatial heterogeneity of the regional stress field. Understanding of this mechanism is of societal importance.

Glacial ice sheet dynamics are constrained by the coupled process of the deformation of the viscoelastic solid Earth, the ocean and climate variability. Exactly how the climate and oceans reorganize to sustain growth of ice sheets that ground to continents and shallow continental shelves is poorly understood. Incorporation of nonlinear feedback in modelling both ocean heat transport systems and atmospheric CO2 is a major challenge. Climate-related loading cycles and episodes are expected to be important, hence also more short-term features of palaeoclimate should be explicitly treated.

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Acknowledgments

The research of Markku Poutanen is partly funded by the Academy of Finland, grant 120212. The research of Erik Ivins is funded by NASA’s Earth Science Program, Solid Earth and Surface Processes Focus Area at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institution of Technology. The research of Jürgen Müller and Holger Steffen is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) through research grant MU1141/8-1 (SPP 1257) and that of Volker Klemann through the DFG research grant MA3432/2-2 (SPP1257).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Finnish Geodetic Institute, Geodeetinrinne 2, 02430, Masala, Finland

    Markku Poutanen

  2. Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam, Deutsches GeoforschungsZentrum (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany

    Doris Dransch, Sören Haubrock, Volker Klemann & Detlef Wolf

  3. GEUS, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Søren Gregersen

  4. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA

    Erik R. Ivins

  5. University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

    Elena Kozlovskaya & Juha-Pekka Lunkka

  6. Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Finland

    Ilmo Kukkonen

  7. University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden

    Björn Lund

  8. University of Ottawa, K1N 6N5, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Glenn Milne

  9. University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany

    Jürgen Müller & Holger Steffen

  10. Geological Survey of Norway, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Christophe Pascal

  11. Norwegian University of Life Science, Ǻs, Norway

    Bjørn R. Pettersen

  12. Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Hans-Georg Scherneck

  13. University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Holger Steffen

  14. DEOS, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Bert Vermeersen

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Correspondence to Markku Poutanen .

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  1. Faculteit Aardwetenschappen, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Netherlands

    S. Cloetingh

  2. GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, 14473, Germany

    Jorg Negendank

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Poutanen, M. et al. (2009). DynaQlim – Upper Mantle Dynamics and Quaternary Climate in Cratonic Areas. In: Cloetingh, S., Negendank, J. (eds) New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences. International Year of Planet Earth. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2737-5_10

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