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Archaeological, Linguistic and Historical Sources on Ancient Seafaring: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Maritime Contact and Exchange in the Arabian Peninsula

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Book cover The Evolution of Human Populations in Arabia

Part of the book series: Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology ((VERT))

Abstract

The Arabian subcontinent sits at a critical juncture in the Old World, surrounded to the west, north and east respectively by the African landmass, the Levant (with the European world beyond it), and the Asian continent. While its ancient and historical development has certainly been shaped by this positioning relative to the great continents, however, Arabia is equally defined by its near circumspection by the sea, which wraps itself around some 80% of its perimeter, and has served as both barrier and bridge to the surrounding regions since the emergence of modern humans out of Africa at ca. 80–60 ka (Petraglia and Alsharekh, 2003; Petraglia et al., 2007; Bailey, 2009). An increasing weight of evidence suggests that the three main bodies of water that surround Arabia – the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea – not only offered a rich resource base for thousands of years of human occupation in the subcontinent, but also witnessed some of the world’s earliest seafaring and maritime exchange activities. Evidence for maritime contact over long distances is for this arena also amongst the oldest in the world. At the same time, the sea has also sometimes served to distance Arabia from her neighbors, helping to shape a distinctive trajectory within the subcontinent.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Details of this work can be found in published articles by Boivin, Fuller and Blench (e.g., Blench, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2003, 2006, 2007b; Fuller, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2003a, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007b; Blench and MacDonald, 2000; Boivin, 2000, 2004a, 2004b, 2007; Boivin et al., 2007, 2008; Fuller et al., 2001, 2007).

  2. 2.

    A generally accepted chronological framework remains to be achieved (note the absence of a chart in reviews by Potts, 1990, 1997), and thorough review of the radiometric evidence for the Arabian peninsula is beyond the scope of the present chapter. As noted by Cleuziou (2002) there are chronological discrepancies that derive from matching radiocarbon evidence with historical chronologies, and for the latter there are both short and long chronologies that must be contended with.

  3. 3.

    Nevertheless, there appears to have been at least one local parallel domestication, in the case of the Ethiopian Pea (Pisum abyssinicum), which was likely native to Ethiopia, or perhaps Yemen (Butler, 2003; Kosterin and Bogdanova, 2008).

  4. 4.

    Hecataeus is said to have compiled a Ges Periodos(‘World Survey’), but his work only survives in some 374 fragments, quoted in the Ethnika of Stephanus of Byzantium (sixth century AD).

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Acknowledgments

We have benefited from discussions with Remy Crassard, Lamya Khalidi, Louise Martin, Michael Petraglia, Greg Possehl and Dave Wengrow. We are also grateful to Paolo Biagi, Mark Beech and Adrian Parker for supplying useful information. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of the European Research Council, which is funding the authors’ research into maritime prehistory in the Indian Ocean.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK, OX1 3QY

    Nicole Boivin

  2. Kay Williamson Educational Foundation, 8 Guest Road, Cambridge, CB1 2AL, UK

    Roger Blench

  3. Institute of Archaeology, University College London, 31–34 Gordon Square, London, WC1H 0PY, UK

    Dorian Q. Fuller

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Correspondence to Nicole Boivin .

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  1. Leverhulme Centre for Human, University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Street 13A, Cambridge, CB2 1QH, United Kingdom

    Michael D. Petraglia

  2. Dept. Anthropology & Geography, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom

    Jeffrey I. Rose

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Boivin, N., Blench, R., Fuller, D.Q. (2010). Archaeological, Linguistic and Historical Sources on Ancient Seafaring: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Early Maritime Contact and Exchange in the Arabian Peninsula. In: Petraglia, M., Rose, J. (eds) The Evolution of Human Populations in Arabia. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2719-1_18

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