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Plant Growth and Vitality

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Impacts of Point Polluters on Terrestrial Biota

Part of the book series: Environmental Pollution ((EPOL,volume 15))

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Abstract

Many different ways to define plant vitality or vigour have been suggested. Although definitions differ in details, they generally refer to the capacities to live or grow, as well as to resist stress (reviewed by Dobbertin 2005). Importantly, the hypothetical ‘optimal’ plant vitality remains a theoretical concept: it can neither be measured directly nor predicted on the basis of other measurements. However, it is generally accepted that plants experiencing environmental stress differ in some characteristics from plants growing under optimal conditions, and these characteristics can therefore be considered as indices of vitality.

Plants’ responses to environmental changes, including pollution, have been explored from the molecular to the community levels (Kozlowski 1980; Treshow & Anderson 1989; Sandermann 2004; Dobbertin 2005; DalCorso et al. 2008). Consequently, a number of vitality indices have been suggested (Waring 1987; Stolte et al. 1992; Schulz & Härtling 2003; Dobbertin 2005; Polak et al. 2006). Although molecular indicators may appear most suitable to detect plant responses to experimental manipulations (DalCorso et al. 2008; Nesatyy & Suter 2008), they are difficult to use for predicting responses of plant organisms to chronic pollution impacts. Moreover, the use of molecular and biochemical methods in field assessment programs is limited by a shortage of qualified workers and generally high costs (Dobbertin 2005). Therefore, we restricted our study to several cost-effective methods that allow for evaluation of processes reflecting the accumulation of plant biomass, i.e., plant growth.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Dwarf shrubs, or chamaephytes in the Raunkiaer’s classification of life forms, are woody plants with perennating buds borne close to the ground, no more than 25 cm above soil surface. Within this book, dwarf shrubs are restricted to Vaccinium and Empetrum species, which form substantial part of field layer vegetation in boreal forests.

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  1. Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Mikhail V. Kozlov, Elena L. Zvereva & Vitali E. Zverev

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  1. Mikhail V. Kozlov
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Kozlov, M.V., Zvereva, E.L., Zverev, V.E. (2009). Plant Growth and Vitality. In: Impacts of Point Polluters on Terrestrial Biota. Environmental Pollution, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2467-1_4

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