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Invasive Aspergillosis in Paediatric Patients

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Aspergillosis: From Diagnosis to Prevention

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Abstract

Invasive aspergillosis is an important cause of infectious morbidity and mortality in children with innate or acquired deficiencies in phagocytic host defences and anatomical barriers. Similar to adults, it most commonly affects the lung, and remains difficult to diagnose. Prognosis depends on early recognition, prompt institution of appropriate treatment and restoration of host defences. Paediatric patients represent a distinct population in regard to clinical presentation and epidemiology, and in particular, the utility of diagnostic tools such as the serum galactomannan ELISA and high resolution computed tomography scan imaging. The disposition of antifungal agents with clinical efficacy against invasive aspergillosis is different, resulting in different dosages across age groups and differential therapeutic algorithms due to the lack of either published clinical experience or a paediatric dosage as in the setting of antifungal prophylaxis. This chapter reviews presentation and epidemiology of invasive aspergillosis in neonates, children and adolescents and discusses the value of currents diagnostics as well as options for treatment and prevention in these distinct populations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Muenster, Germany

    Andreas H. Groll

  2. Third Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Emmanuel Roilides

  3. Immunocompromised Host Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

    Thomas J. Walsh

Authors
  1. Andreas H. Groll
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  2. Emmanuel Roilides
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  3. Thomas J. Walsh
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Correspondence to Andreas H. Groll .

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  1. Porto Alegre, Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de, Av. Independencia 155, Porto Alegre, 90035-075, Brazil

    Alessandro Comarú Pasqualotto

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Groll, A.H., Roilides, E., Walsh, T.J. (2009). Invasive Aspergillosis in Paediatric Patients. In: Comarú Pasqualotto, A. (eds) Aspergillosis: From Diagnosis to Prevention. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2408-4_28

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