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Tools for Studying Biogeochemical Connectivity Among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems

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Ecological Connectivity among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems

Abstract

To understand ecosystem functioning in coastal zones it is essential to identify the main pathways and magnitude of nutrient and organic matter fluxes. The different methods that have been applied to quantify material fluxes in tropical coastal ecosystems can be categorized into two fundamentally distinct approaches: direct flux measurements (Section 12.2) and chemical tracer techniques (Section 12.3). For direct flux measurements, the bidirectional flow of water is determined and multiplied with concentrations to obtain fluxes of inorganic nutrients or organic constituents. Water discharge can be measured directly with help of current meters and gauges, or indirectly through use of water tracers. The source of nutrients and organic matter can then be identified with help of specific chemical tracers, mainly isotopes or molecular properties. A combination of tracer techniques and direct flux measurements is most powerful to obtain quantitative information on the fluxes of organic matter and nutrients from the various sources in coastal systems but has very rarely been applied. Regarding source assessments of suspended and sedimentary organic matter, a large number of molecular biomarkers are readily available (Section 12.4). For dissolved organic matter, emerging molecular fingerprinting techniques including ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry may lead to major advances in the future.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Ivan Nagelkerken for the invitation to participate in the preparation of this book, and Nagamitsu Maie, Yunping Xu, and Matthias Witt (Bruker Daltonics) for providing previously unpublished data for inclusion into this chapter. The work presented was financially supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD), and the Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG). This is an FCE-LTER publication and Contribution number 429 from the Southeast Environmental Research Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max Planck Research Group for Marine Geochemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany

    Thorsten Dittmar

  2. Department of Ecological Chemistry, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570, Bremerhaven, Germany

    Boris Koch

  3. Southeast Environmental Research Center and Department of Chemistry, Florida International University, 33199, Florida, Miami, USA

    Rudolf Jaffé

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  1. Thorsten Dittmar
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  2. Boris Koch
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  3. Rudolf Jaffé
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Correspondence to Thorsten Dittmar .

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  1. Fac. Science, Dept. Animal Ecology & Ecophysiology, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, 6500 GL, Netherlands

    Ivan Nagelkerken

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Dittmar, T., Koch, B., Jaffé, R. (2009). Tools for Studying Biogeochemical Connectivity Among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems. In: Nagelkerken, I. (eds) Ecological Connectivity among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2406-0_12

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