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Energy Resources and Systems

The world's demand for energy will increase because the quality of living is tied to its consumption and because the world's population is increasing. It is well known that high quality energy sources such as electricity and oil are directly linked to economic growth and quality of life (e.g., access to food, medicine, housing and education). As more countries participate in the benefits of globalization, world energy use will grow. For example, in the past decade prior to the financial collapse of world markets that occurred during October of 2008, two of the world's most populated countries, China and India, had unprecedented economic growth and this played a major role in the price of oil climbing to nearly $150 per barrel during the summer of 2008. The year 2008 also saw an precipitous drop in oil prices as well. It is well known that economic growth is cyclic and that during periods of recession, demand for energy decreases. After October of 2008 the price of oil dropped under $45 dollar per barrel. As of this writing the world was still in the recession of 2008, but history tells us that a recovery will occur and that during the next economic growth period oil prices will once again rise. The other factor which impacts growth in energy demand is growth in population. The US Census Bureau has projected that the world population will increase to 9 billion people by 2042 from approximately 6.6 billion people today. The future holds more uncertainty. The competition for scarce energy resources will only accelerate as more people in the world participate in the economic benefits of globalization and as world population grows.

One of the requirements for sustaining human life and progress is availability of a clean source of energy that does not harm the environment. The release of CO2 into the atmosphere is the main cause of global warming and various associated climate changes. A major advantage of nuclear energy is that it doesn't put CO2 into the atmosphere. In addition it provides a steady source of constant electrical power that does not suffer the whim of weather patterns. This is a critical feature because climate change does impact weather patterns. For example, areas which currently have an abundance of wind or clear skies for solar energy use today may experience a change over the 30 or so year lifetime of a wind farm or a solar energy plant.

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(2009). Nuclear. In: Ghosh, T.K., Prelas, M.A. (eds) Energy Resources and Systems. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2383-4_9

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