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Principles of Cancer Biotherapy pp 569–580Cite as

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: biology and clinical potential

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The study of hematopoiesis was greatly facilitated in the mid-1960s when techniques for studying hematopoietic cells in clonal culture were developed. Initially, serum or conditioned medium was added to cultures as a source of growth factors, i.e., the colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) [56, 57, 85]. One of the factors that was isolated, purified, cloned, and produced in commercial quantities was granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a protein that acts on the neutrophil lineage to selectively stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of committed progenitor cells and activation of mature neutro-phils (Fig. 1). A property that distinguished G-CSF from other CSF and facilitated its purification, molecular cloning, and large-scale production in prokaryotic cells was its ability to induce terminal differentiation of a murine leukemic cell line (WFHI-3B). After observing that serum from endotoxin-treated mice was capable of causing the differentiation of a WFHI-3B myelomono-cytic leukemic cell line, Metcalf [55] named the activity GM-DF (granulocyte-macrophage differentiating factor).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology Monash University, Victoria, Australia

    George Morstyn

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  1. MaryAnn Foote
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  1. Hematology-Oncology Associates of Southeast Missouri Hospital, Southeast Medical Plaza, Cape Girardeau, MO, USA

    Robert K. Oldham

  2. Hoag Cancer Center, Newport Beach, CA, USA

    Robert O. Dillman

  3. University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

    Robert O. Dillman

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Foote, M., Morstyn, G. (2009). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: biology and clinical potential. In: Oldham, R.K., Dillman, R.O. (eds) Principles of Cancer Biotherapy. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2289-9_17

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