Skip to main content
  • 3274 Accesses

Samenvatting

Na een traumatisch hersenletsel is er altijd sprake van herstel. De toestand vlak na het trauma is (bijna) nooit gelijk aan de uiteindelijke toestand. Het is nagenoeg uitgesloten dat er geen enkele verandering meer optreedt gedurende het verdere leven van de patiënt. Er is dus altijd verandering en herstel, maar de ene persoon herstelt beter en sneller dan de andere, ook al is de begintoestand ogenschijnlijk gelijk. Hoe kan dat en welke mogelijkheden zijn er om dit herstel te beïnvloeden? Over deze twee vragen gaat dit hoofdstuk. In het eerste deel van het hoofdstuk wordt een aantal hypothetische (biologische) mechanismen geschetst die een rol lijken te spelen bij het herstel. In het tweede deel wordt ingegaan op de mogelijkheden die er zijn om het herstelproces te beïnvloeden. In alle gevallen moet de lezer echter een zekere mate van speculatie aanvaarden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Literatuur

  • Allard TA, Clark SA, Jenkins WM, e.a. Reorganization of somatosensory area 3B representations in adult owl monkeys after digital syndactily. J Neurophysiol 1991;66:1048-58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benedetti F. Recovery of tactile perception following the simulated amputation of one finger. Perception 1991;20:687-92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boyeson MG, Feeney DM. Intraventricular norepinephrine facilitates recovery following sensorimotor cortex injury. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1990;35:497-501.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbetta M, Miezin FM, Dobmeyer S, e.a. Selective and divided attention during visual discriminations of shape, color and speed: functional anatomy by positron emission tomography. J Neurosci 1991;11:2383-402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cranenburgh B van, Mulder T. Van contractie naar actie. Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema en Holkema, 1986.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Crommert HWAA van de, Mulder T, Duysens J. Neural control of locomotion: sensory control of the central pattern generator and its relation to treadmill training. Gait Posture 1998;7:251-63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Donoghue JP. Plasticity of adult sensorimotor representations. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1995;5:749-54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Glass TA, Matchar DB, Belyea M, e.a. Impact of social support on outcome in first stroke. Stroke ;24:64-70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Held JM. Environmental enrichment enhances sparing and recovery of function following brain damage. Neurology Report 1998;22:74-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Held JM, Gordon J, Gentile AM. Environmental influences on locomotor recovery following cortical lesions in rats. Behav Neurosci 1985; 99:678-90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Held JM, Hein A. Movement-produced stimulation of visually guided behavior. J Comp Physiol Psychol 1963;56:872-876.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heuvelen MJG van. Physical activity, physical fitness and disability in older persons [thesis]. Groningen: Universiteit Groningen, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knecht S, Henningsen H, Elbert T, e.a. Reorganizational and perceptual changes after amputation. Brain 1996;119:1213-9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lashley KS. Integrative functions of the cerebral cortex. Physiol Rev 1933;13:1-42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merzenich MM, Kaasd JH, Wall JT, e.a. Topographic reorganisation of somatosensory cortical area’s 3B and 1 in adult monkeys following restricted deafferentation. Neuroscience 1983;8:33-55.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merzenich MM, Nelson RJ, Stryker MP, e.a. Somatosensory cortical map changes following digit amputation in adult monkeys. J Compar Neurol 1984;224:591-605.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merzenich MM, Jenkins WM. Reorganization of cortical representations of the hand following alterations of skin inputs induced by nerve injury, skin-island transfers, and experience. J Hand Ther 1993;april-june:89-104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulder T. De Geboren Aanpasser: over beweging, bewustzijn en gedrag. Amsterdam: Contact, 2001

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulder T, Hochstenbach J. Adaptability and flexibility of the human motor system: implications for neurological rehabilitation. Neural Plasticity 2001;8:131-41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Pascual-Leone A, Torres F. Plasticity of the sensorimotor cortex representation of the reading finger in Braille readers. Brain 1993;116:39-52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poldrack RA. Imaging brain plasticity: conceptual and methodological issues – a theoretical review. Neuro Image 2000;12:1-13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pons TP, Garraghty PE, Ommaya AK, e.a. Massive cortical reorganization after sensory deafferentation in adult macaques. Science 1991;252:1857-60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran VS, Hirstein W. The perception of phantom-limbs: the D.O. Hebb lecture. Brain 1998;121:1603-30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran VS, Blakeslee S. Phantoms in the brain. 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rossini PM, Martino G, Narici L, e.a. Short-term brain ‘plasticity’ in humans: transient finger representation changes in sensory cortex somatotopy following ischemic anesthesia. Brain Res 1994;642:169-77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenzweig M, Krech D, Bennet EL, e.a. Effects of environmental complexity and training on brain chemistry and anatomy: a replication and extension. J Compar Physiol Psychol 1962;55:429-37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sadato N, Pascual-Leone A, Grafman J, e.a. Neural networks for Braille reading in the blind. Brain 1998;121:1213-1229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanes JN, Donoghue JP. Plasticity and primary motor cortex. Ann Rev Neurosci 2000;23:393-415.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Satz P. Brain reserve capacity on symptom onset after brain injury. Neuropsychology 1993;7:273-95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scherder EJA, Bouma A. Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on memory and affective behavior in a stroke patient. Appl Neuropsy-chol 1997;4:231-7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scherder EJA, Bouma A, Steen LM. Effects of ‘isolated’ transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on memory and affective behavior in patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease. Biol Psychiatry 1998;43:417-24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scherder EJA, Someren EJW van, Swaab DF. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) improves the rest-activity rhythm in midstage Alzheimer’s disease. Behav Brain Res 1999;101:105-7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt RA. A schema theory of discrete motor learning. Psychol Rev 1975;82:225-61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt RA. Motor control and learning: a behavioral emphasis. Champaign: Human Kinetics Publ, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spear PD. Behavioral and neurophysiological consequences of visual cortex damage. In: Sprague JM, Epstein AN (eds). Progress in psychobiology and physiological psychology, Vol. 8. New York: Academic Press, 1977:45-83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer M. The Mind within the Net: models of learning, thinking and acting. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein DG, Brailowsky S, Will B. Brain repair. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stefan K, Kunesch E, Cohen LG, e.a. Induction of plasticity in the human motor cortex by paired associative stimulation. Brain 2000;123:572-84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walsh R. Towards an ecology of brain. Lancaster: MTP Press, 1981.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zeki S. A vision of the brain. London: Blackwell Scientific Publ 1993.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, onderdeel van Springer Media B.V.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mulder, T., Hochstenbach, J. (2017). Plasticiteit en flexibiliteit. In: Niet-aangeboren hersenletsel bij volwassenen. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-1479-9_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-1479-9_5

  • Publisher Name: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-368-1478-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-90-368-1479-9

  • eBook Packages: Dutch language eBook collection

Publish with us

Policies and ethics