Skip to main content

Effectiviteit van behandelingen bij chronische lage rugpijn

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Evidence-based handelen bij lage rugpijn
  • 1443 Accesses

Inleiding

De basis van dit hoofdstuk wordt gevormd door de systematische literatuuronderzoeken die in het kader van de Cochrane Back Review Group 1 zijn uitgevoerd, een viertal reviews die in opdracht van het College van Zorgverzekeringen zijn uitgevoerd naar behandelingen voor chronische lage rugklachten2,5 en een recente systematische review naar alternatieve en complementaire behandelingen voor rugklachten6. Deze literatuuronderzoeken zijn aangevuld met gerandomiseerde effectonderzoeken (gerandomiseerde gecontroleerde trials of RCT’s) als die niet in deze literatuuronderzoeken waren opgenomen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Literatuurlijst

  1. Bouter LM, Pennick V, Bombardier C; Editorial Board of the Back Review Group. Cochrane back review group. Spine 2003;28:1215–8.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Middelkoop M van, Rubinstein SM, Kuijpers T, Verhagen AP, Ostelo R, Koes BW, van Tulder MW. A systematic review on the effectiveness of physical and rehabilitation interventions for chronic non-specific low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2011;20(1):19–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kuijpers T, van Middelkoop M, Rubinstein SM, Ostelo R, Verhagen A, Koes BW, van Tulder MW. A systematic review on the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for chronic non-specific low-back pain. Eur Spine J. 2011;20(1):40–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Henschke N, Kuijpers T, Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Ostelo R, Verhagen A, Koes BW, van Tulder MW. Injection therapy and denervation procedures for chronic low-back pain: a systematic review. Eur Spine J. 2010;19:1425–49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Kuijpers T, Ostelo R, Verhagen AP, de Boer MR, Koes BW, van Tulder MW. A systematic review on the effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine for chronic non-specific low-back pain. Eur Spine J 2010;19:1213–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Furlan AD, Yazdi F, Tsertsvadze A, Gross A, Van Tulder M, Santaguida L, Gagnier J, Ammendolia C, Dryden T, Doucette S, Skidmore B, Daniel R, Ostermann T, Tsouros S. A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety of selected complementary and alternative medicine for neck and low-back pain. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:953139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Deyo RA, Battie M, Beurskens AJ, Bombardier C, Croft P, Koes B, et al. Outcome measures for low back pain research. A proposal for standardized use. Spine 1998;23:2003–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Furlan AD, Pennick V, Bombardier C, van Tulder M; Editorial Board, Cochrane Back Review Group. 2009 updated method guidelines for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Back Review Group. Spine 2009;34(18):1929–41.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2008;336:924–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Schnitzer TJ, Gray WL, Paster RZ, et al. Efficacy of tramadol in treatment of chronic low back pain. J Rheumatol 2000;27:772–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ruoff GE, Rosenthal N, Jordan D, Karim R, Kamin M. Tramadol/acetaminophen combination tablets for the treatment of chronic lower back pain: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled outpatient study. Clin Ther 2003;23:1123–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Peloso PM, Fortin L, Beaulieu A, Kamin M, Rosenthal N; Protocol TRP-CAN-1 Study Group. Analgesic efficacy and safety of tramadol/acetaminophen combination tablets (Ultracet) in treatment of chronic low back pain: a multicenter, outpatient, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial. J Rheumatol 2004;31(12):2454–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Katz N, Rauck R, Ahdieh H, Ma T, Hoop RG van der, Kerwin R, et al. A 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of oxymorphone extended release for opioid-naive patients with chronic low back pain. Current Med Res Opin 2007;23(1):117–28.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hale ME, Ahdieh H, Ma T, Rauck R. Efficacy and safety of OPANA ER (Oxymorphone Extended Release) for relief of moderate to severe chronic low back pain in opioid-experienced patients: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Pain 2007;8(2):175–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Webster LR, Butera PG, Moran LV, Wu N, Burns LH, Friedmann N. Oxytrex minimizes physical dependence while providing effective analgesia: A randomized controlled trial in low back pain. J Pain 2006;7(12):937–46.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Vorsanger GJ, Xiang J, Gana TJ, Pascual ML, Fleming RR. Extended-release tramadol (tramadol ER) in the treatment of chronic low back pain. J Opioid Manag 2008;4(2):87–97.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Urquhart DM, Hoving JL, Assendelft WW, Roland M, van Tulder MW. Antidepressants for non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(1):CD001703.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Atkinson JH, Slater MA, Williams RA, et al. A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of nortriptyline for chronic low back pain. Pain 1998;76:287–96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Atkinson JH, Slater MA, Wahlgren DR, et al. Effects of noradrenergic and serotonergic antidepressants on chronic low back pain intensity. Pain 1999;83:137–45.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Atkinson JH, Slater MA, Capparelli EV, Wallace MS, Zisook S, Abramson I, et al. Efficacy of noradrenergic and serotonergic antidepressants in chronic back pain: A preliminary concentration-controlled trial. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2007;2:135–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Dickens C, Jayson M, Sutton C, et al. The relationship between pain and depression in a trial using paroxetine in sufferers of chronic low back pain. Psychosom 2000;41:490–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Katz J, Pennella-Vaughan J, Hetzel RD, Kanazi GE, Dworkin RH. A randomised, placebo-controlled trial of bupropion sustained release in chronic low back pain. J Pain 2005;6(10):656–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Skljarevski V, Ossanna M, Liu-Seifert H, Zhang Q, Chappell A, Iyengar S, Detke M, Backonja M. A double-blind, randomized trial of duloxetine versus placebo in the management of chronic low back pain. Eur J Neurol. 2009 Sep;16(9):1041–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Skljarevski V, Zhang S, Desaiah D, Alaka KJ, Palacios S, Miazgowski T, Patrick K. Duloxetine versus placebo in patients with chronic low back pain: a 12-week, fixed-dose, randomized, double-blind trial. J Pain 2010a; 11(12):1282–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Skljarevski V, Desaiah D, Liu-Seifert H, Zhang Q, Chappell AS, Detke MJ, Iyengar S, Atkinson JH, Backonja M. Efficacy and safety of duloxetine in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 2010b;35(13):E578–85.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mazza M, Mazza O, Pazzaglia C, Padua L, Mazza S. Escitalopram 20 mg versus duloxetine 60 mg for the treatment of chronic low back pain. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2010;11(7):1049-52. PubMed PMID: 20402551.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Roelofs PD, Deyo RA, Koes BW, Scholten RJ, van Tulder MW. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;1:CD000396.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Berry H, Bloom B, Hamilton EBD, Swinson DR. Naproxen sodium, diflunisal, and placebo in the treatment of chronic back pain. Ann Rheum Dis 1982;41:129–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Birbara CA, Puopolo AD, Munoz DR, Sheldon EA, Mangione A, Bohidar NR, et al. Treatment of chronic low back pain with etoricoxib, a new cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitor: improvement in pain and disability – a randomised, placebo-controlled, 3-month trial. J Pain 2003;4:307–15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Chrubasik S, Model A, Black A, Pollak S. A randomized double-blind pilot study comparing Doloteffin and Vioxx in the treatment of low back pain. Rheumatology 2003; 42(1):141–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Coats TL, Borenstein DG, Nangia NK, BrownMT. Effects of valdecoxib in the treatment of chronic low back pain: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Ther 2004; 26(8):1249–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Driessens M, Famaey JP, Orloff S, Chochrad I, Cleppe D, Brabanter G, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of sustained-release ibuprofen in the treatment of patients with chronic back pain. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 1994; 55:1283–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Hickey RF. Chronic low-back pain: a comparison of diflunisal with paracetamol. NZ Med J 1982;May:312–4.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Katz N, Ju WD, Krupa DA, Sperling RS, Rodgers DB, Gertz BJ, et al. Efficacy and safety of rofecoxib in patients with chronic low back pain: results from two 4-week, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group double-blind trials. Spine 2003; 28:851–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Videman T, Osterman K. Double-blind parallel study of piroxicam versus indomethacin in the treatment of low back pain. Ann Clin Res 1984; 16:156–60.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Zerbini C, Ozturk ZE, Grifka J, Maini M, Nilganuwong S, Morales R, et al. Efficacy of etoricoxib 60 mg/day and diclofenac 150 mg/day in reduction of pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain: results of a 4-week, multinational, randomized, double-blind study. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21(12):2037–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Hunt RH, Harper S, Watson DJ, Yu C, Quan H, Lee M, Evans JK, Oxenius B. The gastrointestinal safety of the COX-2 selective inhibitor etoricoxib assessed by both endoscopy and analysis of upper gastrointestinal events. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98(8):1725–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. van Tulder MW, Touray T, Furlan AD, Solway S, Bouter LM. Muscle relaxants for non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD004252.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Rossi M, Ianigro G, Liberatoscioli G, Di Castelnuovo A, Grimani V, Garofano A, Camposarcone N, Nardi LF. Eperisone versus tizanidine for treatment of chronic low back pain. Minerva Med. 2012; 103(3):143–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Rosche J. Treatment of spasticity. Spinal Cord 2002; 40:261–2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Arbus L, Fajadet B, Aubert D, Morre M, Goldfinger E. Activity of tetrazepam in low back pain. Clin Trials J 1990; 27:258–67.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Prätzel HG, Alken R-G, Ramm S. Efficacy and tolerance of repeated oral doses of tolperisone hydrochloride in the treatment of painful reflex muscle spasm: results of a prospective placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Pain 1996; 67:417–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Salzmann E, Pforringer W, Paal G, Gierend M. Treatment of chronic low-back syndrome with tetrazepam in a placebo controlled double-blind trial. J Drug Dev 1992; 4:219–28.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Wörz R, Bolten W, Heller J, Krainick U, Pergande G. Flupirtin im Vergleich zu Chlormezanon und Placebo bei chronische muskuloskelettalen Rückenschmerzen. Fortschr Ther 1996; 114:500–4.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Basmajian J. Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride effect on skeletal muscle spasm in the lumbar region and neck: two double-blind controlled clinical and laboratory studies. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1978; 59:58–63.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Pipino F, Menarini C, Lombardi G, Guerzoni P, Ferrini A, Pizzoli A, et al. A direct myotonolytic (pridinol mesilate) for the management of chronic low back pain: a multicentre, comparative clinical evaluation. Eur J Clin Res 1991; 1:55–70.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Sakai Y, Matsuyama Y, Nakamura H, Katayama Y, Imagama S, Ito Z, Okamoto A, Ishiguro N. The effect of muscle relaxant on the paraspinal muscle blood flow: a randomized controlled trial in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine 2008; 33(6):581–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Roujeau JC, Kelly JP, Naldi L, et al. Medication use and the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1600–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Furlan AD, van Tulder M, Cherkin D, Tsukayama H, Lao L, Koes B, Berman B. Acupuncture and dry-needling for low back pain: an updated systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane collaboration. Spine 2005; 30(8):944–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Inoue M, Ktakouji H, Ikeuchi R, Katayama K, Ochim H. Randomized controlled pilot study comparing manual acupuncture with sham acupuncture for lumbago (2nd report). J Japan Soc Acup Moxibust 2001; 51(3):412.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Itoh K, Itoh S, Katsumi Y, Kitakoji H. A pilot study on using acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to treat chronic non-specific low back pain. Complement Therap Clin Pract 2009; 15(1);22–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Brinkhaus B, Witt CM, Jena S, et al. Acupuncture in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Int Med 2006; 166(4);450–457.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Carlsson CPO, Sjölund BH. Acupuncture for chronic low back pain: a randomized placebo-controlled study with long-term follow-up. Clin J Pain 2001; 17:296–305.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Haake M, Müller HH, Schade-Brittinger C et al. German Acupuncture Trials (GERAC) for chronic low back pain: randomized, multicenter, blinded, parallel-group trial with 3 groups. Arch Int Med 2007; 167(17):1892–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Lehmann TR, Russell DW, Spratt KF. The impact of patients with nonorganic physical findings on a controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and electroacupuncture. Spine 1983; 8:625–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Molsberger AF, Mau J, Pawelec DB, Winkler JA. Does acupuncture improve the orthopedic management of chronic low back pain—a randomized, blinded, controlled trial with 3 months follow up. Pain 2002; 99(3):579–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Mendelson G, Kidson MA, Loh ST, Scott DF, Selwood TS, Kranz H. Acupuncture analgesia for chronic low back pain. Clin Exp Neurol 1978; 15:182–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Mendelson G, Selwood TS, Kranz H, Loh TS, Kidso MA, Scott DS. Acupuncture treatment of chronic back pain. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Am J Med 1983; 74(1):49–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Fu ZH, Chen XY, Lu LJ, Lin J, Xu JG. Immediate effect of Fu’s subcutaneous needling for low back pain. Chin Med J 2006; 119(11):953–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Kwon Y, Lee S, Lee C, Jung S, Kim D, Choi S. The short-term efficacy of acupuncture for chronic low back pain: randomized sham controlled trial. J Orient Rehab Med 2007; 17(2):123–32.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Leibing E, Leonhardt U, Köster G, et al. Acupuncture treatment of chronic low back pain: a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial with 9-month follow-up. Pain 2002; 96:189–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Kerr DP, Walsh DM, Baxter D. Acupuncture in the management of chronic low back pain: a blinded randomized controlled trial. Clin J Pain 2003; 19(6):364–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Inoue M, Kitakoji H, Ishizaki N et al. Relief of low back pain immediately after acupuncture treatment - a randomised, placebo controlled trial. Acupunct Med 2006; 24(3):103–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. MacDonald AJ, Macrae KD, Master BR, Rubin AP. Superficial acupuncture in the relief of chronic low back pain. Ann Royal Coll Surg Engl 1983; 65:44–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Cherkin DC, Sherman KJ, Avins AL et al. A randomized trial comparing acupuncture, simulated acupuncture, and usual care for chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169(9):858–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Gunn CC, Milbrandt WE, Little AS, Mason KE. Dry needling of muscle motor points for chronic low-back pain: a randomized clinical trial with long-term follow-up. Spine 1980; 5:279–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Coan RM, Wong G, Ku SL, Chan YC, Wang L, Ozer FT, Coan PL. The acupuncture treatment of low back pain: a randomized controlled study. Am J Chinese Med 1980; 8:181–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Thomas M, Lundberg T. Importance of modes of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic nociceptive low back pain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1994; 38:63–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Witt CM, Jena S, Selim D et al. Pragmatic randomized trial evaluating the clinical and economic effectiveness of acupuncture for chronic low back pain. Am J Epid 2006; 164(5):487–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. Cherkin DC, Eisenberg D, Sherman KJ et al. Randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. Arch Int Med 2001: 161(8):1081–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Meng CF, Wang D, Ngeow J, Lao L, Peterson M, Paget S. Acupuncture for chronic low back pain in older patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Rheumatol 2003; 42(12):1508–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Ostelo RW, van Tulder MW, Vlaeyen JW, Linton SJ, Morley SJ, Assendelft WJ. Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;1:CD002014.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Henschke N, Ostelo RW, van Tulder MW, Vlaeyen JW, Morley S, Assendelft WJ, Main CJ. Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;7:CD002014.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Waddell G. A new clinical model for the treatment of low back pain. Spine 1987; 12:632–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Turk DC, Flor H. Etiological theories and treatments for chronic back pain. II. Psychological models and interventions. Pain 1984; 19:209–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Vlaeyen JWS, Haazen IWC, Schuerman JA, Kole-Snijders AMJ, Eek H van. Behavioural rehabilitation of chronic low back pain: comparison of an operant treatment, an operant-cognitive treatment and an operant-respondent treatment. Br J Clin Psychol 1995; 34:95–118.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Skinner BF. Science and human behaviour. New York: McMillan; 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Fordyce WE. Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness. St Louis: Mosby; 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Turner JA, Jensen MP. Efficacy of cognitive therapy for chronic low back pain. Pain 1993; 52:169–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Bush C, Ditto B, Feuerstein M. A controlled evaluation of paraspinal emg biofeedback in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Health Psychology 1985; 4:307–21.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Kole-Snijders AMJ, Vlaeyen JWS, Goossens MEJB, et al. Chronic low back pain: what does cognitive coping skills training add to operant behavioral treatment? Results of a randomized clinical trial. J Consult Clin Psychol 1999; 67:931–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Linton SJ, Bradley LA, Jensen I, Spangfort E, Sundell L. The secondary prevention of low back pain: a controlled study with follow-up. Pain 1989; 36:197–207.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Newton-John TR, Spence SH, Schotte D. Cognitive behavioural therapy versus EMG biofeedback in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Behav Res Ther 1995; 33:691–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Nouwen A. EMG biofeedback used to reduce standing levels of paraspinal muscle tension in chronic low back pain. Pain 1983; 17:353–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Smeets RJ, Vlaeyen JW, Hidding A, Kester AD, van der Heijden GJ, Knottnerus JA. Chronic low back pain: physical training, graded activity with problem solving training, or both? The one-year post-treatment results of a randomized controlled trial. Pain 2006; 134(3):263–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Turner JA, Clancy S. Comparison of operant behavioral and cognitive-behavioral group treatment for chronic low back pain. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988; 56:261–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Stuckey SJ, Jacobs A, Goldfarb J. EMG biofeedback training, relaxation training, and placebo for the relief of chronic back pain. Percept Motor Skills 1986; 63:1023–36.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Turner JA. Comparison of group progressive-relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral group therapy for chronic low back pain. J Consult Clin Psychol 1982; 50:757–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Poole H, Glenn S, Murphy P. A randomised controlled study of reflexology for the management of chronic low back pain. Eur J Pain 2007; 11(8):878–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Von Korff M, Balderson BH, Saunders K, Miglioretti DL, Lin EH, Berry S, Moore JE, Turner JA. A trial of an activating intervention for chronic back pain in primary care and physical therapy settings. Pain 2005; 113(3):323–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Roer N van der, van Tulder M, Barendse J, Knol D, van Mechelen W, de Vet H. Intensive group training protocol versus guideline physiotherapy for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomised controlled trial. Eur Spine J 2008; 17(9):1193–200.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Turner JA, Clancy S, McQuade KJ, Cardenas DD. Effectiveness of behavioral therapy for chronic low back pain: a component analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 1990; 58:573–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Brox JI, Sørensen R, Friis A, Nygaard Ø, Indahl A, Keller A, Ingebrigtsen T, Eriksen HR, Holm I, Koller AK, Riise R, Reikerås O. Randomized clinical trial of lumbar instrumented fusion and cognitive intervention and exercises in patients with chronic low back pain and disc degeneration. Spine 2003; 28(17):1913–21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Fairbank J, Frost H, Wilson-MacDonald J, Yu LM, Barker K, Collins R; Spine Stabilisation Trial Group. Randomised controlled trial to compare surgical stabilisation of the lumbar spine with an intensive rehabilitation programme for patients with chronic low back pain: the MRC spine stabilisation trial. BMJ 2005; 330(7502):1233.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Donaldson S, Romney D, Donaldson M, Skubick D. Randomized study of the application of single motor unit biofeedback training to chronic low back pain. J Occup Rehabil 1994; 4:23–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. McCauley JD, Thelen MH, Frank RG, Willard RR, Callen E. Hypnosis compared to relaxation in the outpatient management of chronic low back pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1983; 64:548–52.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Nicholas MK, Wilson PH, Goyen J. Operant-behavioural and cognitive-behavioural treatment for chronic low back pain. Behav Res Ther 1991; 29:225–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Nicholas MK, Wilson PH, Goyen J. Comparison of cognitive-behavioral group treatment and an alternative non-psychological treatment for chronic low back pain. Pain 1992; 48:339–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Johnson RE, Jones GT, Wiles NJ, Chaddock C, Potter RG, Roberts C, Symmons DP, Watson PJ, Torgerson DJ, Macfarlane GJ. Active exercise, education, and cognitive behavioral therapy for persistent disabling low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2007; 32(15):1578–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Altmaier EM, Lehmann TR, Russell DW, Weinstein JN, Feng Kao C. The effectiveness of psychological interventions for the rehabilitation of low back pain: a randomized controlled trial evaluation. Pain 1992; 49:329–35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Schweikert B, Jacobi E, Seitz R, Cziske R, Ehlert A, Knab J, Leidl R. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of adding a cognitive behavioral treatment to the rehabilitation of chronic low back pain. J Rheumatol 2006; 33(12):2519–26.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Strong J. Incorporating cognitive-behavioural therapy with occupational therapy: a comparative study with patients with low back pain. J Occup Rehabil 1998; 8:61–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Basler HD, Jäkle C, Kröner-Herwig B. Incorporation of cognitive-behavioral treatment into the medical care of chronic low back patients: a controlled randomized study in German pain treatment centers. Patient Education Counseling 1997; 31:113–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Friedrich M, Gittler G, Halberstadt Y, Cermak T, Heiller I. Combined exercise and motivation program: effect on the compliance and level of disability of patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998; 79:475–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Field T, Hernandez-Reif M, Diego M, Fraser M. Lower back pain and sleep disturbance are reduced following massage therapy. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 2007; 11:141–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  106. Franke A, Gebauer S, Franke K, Brockow T. Acupuncture massage versus Swedish massage and individual exercise versus group exercise in low back pain sufferers: a randomized controlled clinical trial in a 2 by 2 factorial design. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilk 2000; 7:286–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Hernandez-Reif M, Field T, Krasnegor J, Theakston H. Lower back pain is reduced and range of motion increased after massage therapy. Internal Journal Neuroscience 2001; 106:131–145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Hsieh LL, Kuo CH, Yen MF, Chen THH. A randomized controlled clinical trial for low back pain treated by acupressure and physical therapy. Prev Med 2004; 39(1):168–176.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Hsieh LL, Kuo CH, Lee LH, Yen AMF, Chien KL, Chen TH. Treatment of low back pain by acupressure and physical therapy: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2006; 332(7543):696–700.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Little P, Lewith G, Webley F et al. Randomised controlled trial of Alexander technique lessons, exercise, and massage (ATEAM) for chronic and recurrent back pain. BMJ 2008;337:a884.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Melzack R, Vetere P, Finch L. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for low back pain. A comparison of TENS and massage for pain and range of motion. Phys Ther 1983; 63:489–93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Quinn F, Hughes CM, Baxter GD. Reflexology in the management of low back pain: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Compl Ther Med 2008; 16(1):3–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Assendelft WJ, de Boer MR, van Tulder MW. Spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;2:CD008112.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Ferreira ML, Ferreira PH, Latimer J, Herbert RD, Hodges PW, Jennings MD, et al. Comparison of general exercise, motor control exercise and spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low back pain: A randomized trial. Pain 2007; 131(1-2):31–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Koes BW, Bouter LM, Mameren H van, et al. Randomised clinical trial of manual therapy and physiotherapy for persistent back and neck complaints: results of one year follow-up. Br Med J 1992; 304:601–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Hondras MA, Long CR, Cao Y, Rowell RM, Meeker WC. A randomized controlled trial comparing 2 types of spinal manipulation and minimal conservative medical care for adults 55 years and older with subacute or chronic low back pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2009; 32(5):330–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Hsieh CY, Adams AH, Tobis J, Hong CZ, Danielson C, Platt K, et al. Effectiveness of four conservative treatments for subacute low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Spine 2002; 27(11):1142–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Hurwitz EL, Morgenstern H, Harber P, Kominski GF, Belin TR, Yu F, et al. A randomized trial of medical care with and without physical therapy and chiropractic care with and without physical modalities for patients with low back pain: 6-month follow-up outcomes from the UCLA low back pain study. Spine 2002; 27(20):2193–204.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Skillgate E, Vingard E, Alfredsson L. Naprapathic manual therapy or evidence-based care for back and neck pain: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin J Pain 2007; 23(5):431–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. UK BEAM Trial Team. United Kingdom back pain exercise and manipulation (UK BEAM) randomised trial: effectiveness of physical treatments for back pain in primary care. BMJ 2004; 329(7479):1377–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  121. Bronfort G, Goldsmith CH, Nelson C, Boline PD, Anderson AV. Trunk exercise combined with spinal manipulative or NSAID therapy for chronic low back pain: a randomized, observer-blinded clinical trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1996; 19:570–82.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Hemmilä HM, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi SM, Levoska S, Puska P. Does folk medicine work? A randomized clinical trial on patients with prolonged back pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1997; 78:571–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Ghroubi S, Elleuch H, Baklouti S, Elleuch MH. Chronic low back pain and vertebral manipulation. [French]. Annales de Readaptation et de Medecine Physique 2007; 50(7):570–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Liccardione JC, Stoll ST, Fulda KG, Russo DP, Siu J, Winn W, et al. Osteopathic manipulative treatment for chronic low back pain: a randomised controlled trial. Spine 2003; 28:1355–62.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Waagen GN, Haldemna S, Cook G, Lopez D, De Boer KF. Short term trial of chiropractic adjustments for the relief of chronic low back pain. Manual Med 1986; 2:63–7.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Gibson T, Grahame R, Harkness J, Woo P, Blagrave P, Hills R. Controlled comparison of short-wave diathermy treatment with osteopathic treatment in non-specific low-back pain. Lancet 1985;1258–61.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Pope MH, Phillips RB, Haugh LD, Hsieh CJ, MacDonald L, Haldeman S. A prospective randomized three week trial of spinal manipulation, TMS, massage and corset in the treatment of subacute low back pain. Spine 1994; 19:2571–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Postacchini F, Facchini M, Palieri P. Efficacy of various forms of conservative treatment in low back pain: a comparative study. Neuro Orthop 1988; 6:28–35.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Guzmán J, Esmail R, Karjalainen K, Malmivaara A, Irvin E, Bombardier C. Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for chronic low back pain: systematic review. BMJ 2001; 322(7301):1511–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Alaranta H, Rytökoski U, Rissanen A, Talo S, Rönnemaa T, Puukka P, et al. Intensive physical and psychosocial training program for patients with chronic low back pain: a controlled clinical trial. Spine 1994; 19:1339–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Härkäpää K, Mellin G, Järvikoski A, Hurri H. A controlled study on the outcome of inpatient and outpatient treatment of low back pain. Part I. Scand J Rehab Med 1989; 21:81–9.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Mitchell RI, Carmen GM. The functional restoration approach to the treatment of chronic pain in patients with soft tissue and back injuries. Spine 1994; 19:633–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Lukinmaa A. Low back pain as a biopsychosocial disturbance: a controlled trial (in Finnish) Lääkärilehti 1990; 45:3197–3201.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Bendix AF, Bendix T, Ostenfeld S, et al. Active treatment programs for patients with chronic low back pain: a prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study. Eur Spine J 1995; 4:148–52.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Bendix AF, Bendix T, Labriola M, et al. Functional restoration for chronic low back pain: two-year follow-up of two randomized clinical trials. Spine 1998; 23:717–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Jückel WH, Cziske R, Gerdes N, Jacobi E. Assessment of the effectiveness of inpatient rehabilitation measures in patients with chronic low back pain: a prospective, randomised controlled study German. Rehabilitation 1990; 29:129–33.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Kääpä EH, Frantsi K, Sarna S, Malmivaara A. Multidisciplinary group rehabilitation versus individual physiotherapy for chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized trial. Spine 2006; 31(4):371–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Vollenbroek-Hutten MM, Hermens HJ, Wever D, Gorter M, Rinket J, IJzerman MJ. Differences in outcome of a multidisciplinary treatment between subgroups of chronic low back pain patients defined using two multiaxial assessment instruments: the multidimensional pain inventory and lumbar dynamometry. Clin Rehabil. 2004; 18(5):566–79.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Hayden JA, van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, Koes BW. Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;3:CD000335.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Alexandre NM, Moraes MA de, Correa Filho HR, Jorge SA. Evaluation of a program to reduce back pain in nursing personnel. Revista de Saude Publica 2001; 35:356–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Galantino ML, Bzdewka TM, Eissler-Russo JL, Holbrook ML, Mogck EP, Geigle P, et al. The impact of modified Hatha yoga on chronic low back pain: a pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 2004; 10(2):56–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Gladwell V, Head S, Haggar M, Beneke R. Does a program of pilates improve chronic non-specific low back pain? J Sport Rehabil 2006; 15:338–350.

    Google Scholar 

  143. Risch SV, Norvell NK, Pollock ML, Risch ED, Langer H, Fulton M, et al. Lumbar strengthening in chronic low back pain patients: physiologic and psychological benefits. Spine 1993; 18:232–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Sjogren T, Nissinen KJ, Jarvenpaa SK, Ojanen MT, Vanharanta H, Malkia EA. Effects of a workplace physical exercise intervention on the intensity of headache and neck and shoulder symptoms and upper extremity muscular strength of office workers: a cluster randomized controlled cross-over trial. Pain 2005; 116(1-2):119–28.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Harts CC, Helmhout PH, de Bie RA, Staal JB. A high-intensity lumbar extensor strengthening program is little better than a low-intensity program or a waiting list control group for chronic low back pain: a randomised clinical trial. Aust J Physiother. 2008; 54(1):23–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Nassif H, Brosset N, Guillaume M, Delore-Milles E, Tafflet M, Buchholz F, Toussaint JF. Evaluation of a randomized controlled trial in the management of chronic lower back pain in a French automotive industry: an observational study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92(12):1927–1936.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Hall AM, Maher CG, Lam P, Ferreira M, Latimer J. Tai chi exercise for treatment of pain and disability in people with persistent low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care Res 2011; 63(11):1576–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  148. Hagen EM, Ødelien KH, Lie SA, Eriksen HR. Adding a physical exercise programme to brief intervention for low back pain patients did not increase return to work. Scand J Public Health. 2010; 38(7):731–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Costa LO, Maher CG, Latimer J, Hodges PW, Herbert RD, Refshauge KM, McAuley JH, Jennings MD. Motor control exercise for chronic low back pain: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Phys Ther 2009; 89(12):1275–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Smith D, Bissell G, Bruce-Low S, Wakefield C. The effect of lumbar extension training with and without pelvic stabilization on lumbar strength and low back pain. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2011; 24(4):241–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Ryan CG, Gray HG, Newton M, Granat MH. Pain biology education and exercise classes compared to pain biology education alone for individuals with chronic low back pain: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Man Ther 2010; 15(4):382–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Frost H, Lamb SE, Doll HA, Carver PT, Stewart-Brown S. Randomised controlled trial of physiotherapy compared with advice for low back pain. BMJ 2004; 329(7468):708.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Hildebrandt VH, Proper KI, van den Berg R, Douwes M, van den Heuvel SG, van Buuren S. Cesar-therapie tijdelijk effectiever dan standaardbehandeling door de huisarts bij patiënten met chronische aspecifieke lage rugklachten; gerandomiseerd, gecontroleerd en geblindeerd onderzoek met 1 jaar follow-up. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2000; 144(47):2258–64.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Niemisto L, Lahtinen-Suopanki T, Rissanen P, Lindgren KA, Sarna S, Hurri H. A randomized trial of combined manipulation, stabilizing exercises, and physician consultation compared to physician consultation alone for chronic low back pain. Spine 2003; 28(19):2185–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Niemisto L, Rissanen P, Sarna S, Lahtinen-Suopanki T, Lindgren K-A, Hurri H (2005) Cost-effectiveness of combined manipulation, stabilizing exercises, and physician consultation compared to physician consultation alone for chronic low back pain: A prospective randomized trial with 2-year follow-up. Spine 30 (10):1109–1115.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Yelland MJ, Glasziou PP, Bogduk N, Schluter PJ, McKernon M. Prolotherapy injections, saline injections, and exercises for chronic low-back pain: a randomized trial. Spine 2004; 29(1):9–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Koldaş Doğan S, Sonel Tur B, Kurtais Y, Atay MB. Comparison of three different approaches in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Clin Rheumatol 2008; 27(7):873–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Tekur P, Nagarathna R, Chametcha S, Hankey A, Nagendra HR. A comprehensive yoga programs improves pain, anxiety and depression in chronic low back pain patients more than exercise: an RCT. Complement Ther Med 2012; 20(3):107–18.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Donzelli S, Di Domenica E, Cova AM, Galletti R, Giunta N. Two different techniques in the rehabilitation treatment of low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Eura Medicophys 2006; 42(3):205–10.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Goldby LJ, Moore AP, Doust J, Trew ME. A randomized controlled trial investigating the efficiency of musculoskeletal physiotherapy on chronic low back disorder. Spine 2006; 31(10):1083–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Williams KA, Petronis J, Smith D, Goodrich D, Wu J, Ravi N, et al. Effect of Iyengar yoga therapy for chronic low back pain. Pain 2005; 115(1-2):107–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  162. Sorensen PH, Bendix T, Manniche C, Korsholm L, Lemvigh D, Indahl A. An educational approach based on a non-injury model compared with individual symptom-based physical training in chronic LBP. A pragmatic, randomised trial with a one-year follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010; 11:212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  163. Critchley DJ, Ratcliffe J, Noonan S, Jones RH, Hurley MV. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of three types of physiotherapy used to reduce chronic low back pain disability: a pragmatic randomized trial with economic evaluation. Spine 2007; 32(14):1474–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Chatzitheodorou D, Kabitsis C, Malliou P, Mougios V. A pilot study of the effects of high-intensity aerobic exercise versus passive interventions on pain, disability, psychological strain, and serum cortisol concentrations in people with chronic low back pain. Phys Ther 2007; 87(3):304–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Deyo RA, Walsh NE, Martin DC, Schoenfeld LS, Ramamurthy S. A controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and exercise for chronic low back pain. N Engl J Med 1990; 322:1627–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Gur A, Karakoc M, Cevik R, Nas K, Sarac AJ, Karakoc M. Efficacy of low power laser therapy and exercise on pain and functions in chronic low back pain. Lasers Surg Med 2003; 32(3):233–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Kankaanpaa M, Taimela S, Airaksinen O, et al. The efficacy of active rehabilitation in chronic low back pain. Effect on pain intensity, self-experienced disability, and lumbar fatigability. Spine 1999; 24:1034–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Murtezani A, Hundozi H, Orovcanec N, Sllamniku S, Osmani T. A comparison of high intensity aerobic exercise and passive modalities for the treatment of workers with chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2011; 47(3):359–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Shirado O, Doi T, Akai M, Hoshino Y, Fujino K, Hayashi K, Marui E, Iwaya T; Japan Low back-pain Exercise Therapy Study; Investigators Japanese Orthopaedic Association; Japanese Society for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation; Japanese Clinical Orthopaedic Association. Multicenter randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of home-based exercise on patients with chronic low back pain: the Japan low back pain exercise therapy study. Spine 2010; 35(17):E811–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  170. Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Wellman RD, Cook AJ, Hawkes RJ, Delaney K, Deyo RA. A randomized trial comparing yoga, stretching, and a self-care book for chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 2011; 171(22):2019–26.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  171. Dufour N, Thamsborg G, Oefeldt A, Lundsgaard C, Stender S. Treatment of chronic low back pain: a randomized, clinical trial comparing group-based multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation and intensive individual therapist-assisted back muscle strengthening exercises. Spine 2010; 35(5):469–76.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  172. Ben Salah Frih Z, Fendri Y, Jellad A, Boudoukhane S, Rejeb N. Efficacy and treatment compliance of a home-based rehabilitation programme for chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled study. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2009; 52(6):485–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Gudavalli MR, Cambron JA, McGregor M, Jedlicka J, Keenum M, Ghanayem AJ, et al. A randomized clinical trial and subgroup analysis to compare flexion-distraction with active exercise for chronic low back pain. Eur Spine J 2006; 15(7):1070–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  174. Marshall P, Murphy B. Self-report measures best explain changes in disability compared with physical measures after exercise rehabilitation for chronic low back pain. Spine 2008; 33(3):326–38.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Chown M, Whittamore L, Rush M, Allan S, Stott D, Archer M. A prospective study of patients with chronic back pain randomised to group exercise, physiotherapy or osteopathy. Physiotherapy 2008; 94:21–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  176. Bronfort G, Maiers MJ, Evans RL, Schulz CA, Bracha Y, Svendsen KH, Grimm RH Jr, Owens EF Jr, Garvey TA, Transfeldt EE. Supervised exercise, spinal manipulation, and home exercise for chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Spine J 2011; 11(7):585–98.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Petersen T, Larsen K, Nordsteen J, Olsen S, Fournier G, Jacobsen S. The McKenzie method compared with manipulation when used adjunctive to information and advice in low back pain patients presenting with centralization or peripheralization: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2011; 36(24):1999–2010.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Elnaggar IM, Nordin M, Sheikhzadeh A, Parnianpour M, Kahanovitz N. Effects of spinal flexion and extension exercises on low-back pain and spinal mobility in chronic mechanical low-back pain patients. Spine 1991; 16:967–72.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Ferreira ML, Ferreira PH, Latimer J, Herbert RD, Hodges PW, Jennings MD, et al. Comparison of general exercise, motor control exercise and spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low back pain: A randomized trial. Pain 2007; 131(1-2):31–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Johanssen F, Remvig L, Kryger P, Beck P, Warming S, Lybeck K, et al. Exercises for chronic low back pain: a clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1995; 22:52–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  181. Mannion AF, Muntener M, Taimela S, et al. A randomized clinical trial of three active therapies for chronic low back pain. Spine 1999; 24:2435–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Rittweger J, Just K, Kautzsch K, Reeg P, Felsenberg D. Treatment of chronic lower back pain with lumbar extension and whole-body vibration exercise: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2002; 27:1829–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  183. Roche G, Ponthieux A, Parot-Shinkel E, Jousset N, Bontoux L, Dubus V, et al. Comparison of a functional restoration program with active individual physical therapy for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88(10):1229–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  184. Sherman KJ, Cherkin DC, Erro J, Miglioretti DL, Deyo RA. Comparing yoga, exercise, and a self-care book for chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2005; 143(12):849–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  185. Tritilanunt T, Wajanavisit W. The efficacy of an aerobic exercise and health education program for treatment of chronic low back pain. J Med Assoc Thailand 2001; 84(Suppl 2):S528–S533.

    Google Scholar 

  186. Yozbatiran N, Yildirim Y, Parlak B. Effects of fitness and aquafitness exercises on physical fitness in patients with chronic low back pain. The Pain Clinic 2004; 16:35–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  187. França FR, Burke TN, Caffaro RR, Ramos LA, Marques AP. Effects of muscular stretching and segmental stabilization on functional disability and pain in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2012;35(4):279–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  188. Tekur P, Singphow C, Nagendra HR, Raghuram N. Effect of short-term intensive yoga program on pain, functional disability, and spinal flexibility in chronic low back pain: A randomized control study. The journal of alternative and complementary medicine 2008; 14(6):637–644.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  189. Wajswelner H, Metcalf B, Bennell K. Clinical pilates versus general exercise for chronic low back pain: randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 44(7):1197–205.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  190. Macedo LG, Latimer J, Maher CG, Hodges PW, McAuley JH, Nicholas MK, Tonkin L, Stanton CJ, Stanton TR, Stafford R. Effect of motor control exercises versus graded activity in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther 2012; 92(3):363–77.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  191. Chan CW, Mok NW, Yeung EW. Aerobic exercise training in addition to conventional physiotherapy for chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 92(10):1681–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Cuesta-Vargas AI, García-Romero JC, Arroyo-Morales M, Diego-Acosta AM, Daly DJ. Exercise, manual therapy, and education with or without high-intensity deep-water running for nonspecific chronic low back pain: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 90(7):526–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Gatti R, Faccendini S, Tettamanti A, Barbero M, Balestri A, Calori G. Efficacy of trunk balance exercises for individuals with chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2011; 41(8):542–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  194. Unsgaard-Tøndel M, Fladmark AM, Salvesen Ø, Vasseljen O. Motor control exercises, sling exercises, and general exercises for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. Phys Ther 2010;90(10):1426–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  195. Hartvigsen J, Morsø L, Bendix T, Manniche C. Supervised and non-supervised Nordic walking in the treatment of chronic low back pain: a single blind randomized clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010 Feb 10;11:30.

    Google Scholar 

  196. Dundar U, Solak O, Yigit I, Evcik D, Kavuncu V. Clinical effectiveness of aquatic exercise to treat chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Spine 2009; 34(14):1436–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  197. Sertpoyraz F, Eyigor S, Karapolat H, Capaci K, Kirazli Y. Comparison of isokinetic exercise versus standard exercise training in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil 2009; 23(3):238–47.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Rasmussen-Barr E, Ang B, Arvidsson I, Nilsson-Wikmar L. Graded exercise for recurrent low-back pain: a randomized, controlled trial with 6-, 12-, and 36-month follow-ups. Spine 2009; 34(3):221–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Torstensen TA, Ljunggren AE, Meen HD, Odland E, Mowinckel P, Geijerstam S (1998) Efficiency and costs of medical exercise therapy, conventional physiotherapy, and self-exercise in patients with chronic low back pain. A pragmatic, randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. Spine 23 (23):2616–2624.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. van Duijvenbode IC, Jellema P, van Poppel MN, van Tulder MW. Lumbar supports for prevention and treatment of low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(2):CD001823.

    Google Scholar 

  201. Million R, Nilsen KH, Jayson MIV, Baker RD. Evaluation of low-back pain and assessment of lumbar corsets with and without back supports. Ann Rheumatic Disorders 1981; 40:449–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Heymans MW, van Tulder MW, Esmail R, Bombardier C, Koes BW. Back schools for nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Spine 2005; 30(19):2153–63

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Donzelli S, Di Domenica E, Cova AM, Galletti R, Giunta N. Two different techniques in the rehabilitation treatment of low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Eura Medicophys 2006; 42(3):205–10.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Hurri H. The Swedish back school in chronic low back pain. Part I. Scand J Rehab Med 1989;21:33–40.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Hurri H. The Swedish back school in chronic low back pain. Part II. Scand J Rehab Med 1989;21:41–4.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Keijsers JFEM, Groenman NH, Gerards FM, Oudheusden E van, Steenbakkers WHL. A back school in The Netherlands: evaluating the results. Patient Education Counseling 1989; 14:31–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Klaber Moffett JA, Chase SM, Portek I, Ennis JR. A controlled prospective study to evaluate the effectiveness of a back school in the relief of chronic low back pain. Spine 1986; 11:120–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  208. Tavafian SS, Jamshidi A, Mohammad K, Montazeri A. Low back pain education and short term quality of life: a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2007; 8:21.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  209. Ribeiro LH, Jennings F, Jones A, Furtado R, Natour J. Effectiveness of a back school program in low back pain. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2008; 26:81–88.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Sahin N, Albayrak I, Durmus B, Ugurlu H. Effectiveness of back school for treatment of pain and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. J Rehabil Med 2011 Feb; 43(3):224–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Julkunen J, Hurri H, Kankainen J. Psychological factors in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Follow-up study of a back school intervention. Psychother Psychosom. 1988; 50(4):173–81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Khadilkar A, Odebiyi DO, Brosseau L, Wells GA. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) versus placebo for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(4):CD003008.

    Google Scholar 

  213. Ghoname EA, Craig WF, White PF, Ahmed HE, Hamza MA, Henderson BN, et al. Percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for low back pain: a randomized crossover study. JAMA 1999; 281(9):818–23.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. Grant DJ, Bishop-Miller J, Winchester DM, Anderson M, Faulkner S. A randomized comparative trial of acupuncture versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for chronic back pain in the elderly. Pain 1999; 82(1):9–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Jarzem PF, Harvey EJ, Arcaro N, Kaczorowski J. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation [TENS] for Chronic Low Back Pain. J Musculoskel Pain 2005; 13(2):3–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  216. Jarzem PF, Harvey EJ, Arcaro N, Kaczorowski J. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation [TENS] for Short-Term Treatment of Low Back Pain-Randomized Double Blind Crossover Study of Sham versus Conventional TENS. J Musculoskel Pain 2005; 13(2):11–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  217. Yokoyama M, Sun X, Oku S, Taga N, Sato K, Mizobuchi S, et al. Comparison of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for long-term pain relief in patients with chronic low back pain. Anesth Analg 2004;98(6):1552-6, table of contents.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  218. Topuz O, Özfidan E, Ozgen M, Ardic F. Efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and percutaneous neuromodulation therapy in chronic low back pain. Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation 2004; 17:127–133.

    Google Scholar 

  219. Clarke JA, van Tulder MW, Blomberg SE, de Vet HC, van der Heijden GJ, Bronfort G, Bouter LM. Traction for low-back pain with or without sciatica. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18;(2):CD003010.

    Google Scholar 

  220. Borman P, Keskin D, Bodur H. The efficacy of lumbar traction in the management of patients with low back pain. Rheumatol Int 2003; 23:82–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  221. Henschke N, Kuijpers T, Rubinstein SM, van Middelkoop M, Ostelo R, Verhagen A, Koes BW, van Tulder MW. Trends over time in the size and quality of randomised controlled trials of interventions for chronic low-back pain. Eur Spine J. 2012 Mar;21(3):375–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2013 Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

van Tulder, M., Koes, B. (2013). Effectiviteit van behandelingen bij chronische lage rugpijn. In: Evidence-based handelen bij lage rugpijn. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0277-2_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0277-2_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-368-0276-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-90-368-0277-2

Publish with us

Policies and ethics