Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Makkelijk meer, moeilijk minder

Verslaving

  • Chapter
Gek, Experimentele psychopathologie

  • 1142 Accesses

Abstract

Marlies is alcoholverslaafd. Ook al weet zij heel goed dat haar overmatig alcoholgebruik ongezond is en ook al wil ze graag stoppen, ze is niet in staat om zonder hulp definitief een punt te zetten achter haar drankgebruik. Dit onvermogen om te stoppen is kenmerkend voor verslaving. In dit hoofdstuk beperken we ons tot de middelenverslaving (ruwweg alcohol- en/of drugsverslaving) en met precieze definities gaan we ons niet bezighouden. We concentreren ons op de vragen hoe en waarom sommige mensen verslaafd raken aan drank, sigaretten, medicijnen of drugs, en waarom het zo verdraaid moeilijk is hier weer van af te komen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Makkelijk meer, moeilijk minder

  • Adams, C.D. & Dickinson, A. (1981). Instrumental responding following reinforcer devaluation. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 33B, 77–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, T.B. (2004). Addiction motivation reformulated: An affective processing model of negative reinforcement. Psychological Review, 111, 33–51.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bolles, R.C. (1972). Reinforcement, expectancy, and learning. Psychological Review, 79, 394–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, A.M. & Loftus, E.F. (1975). A spreading activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review, 82, 407–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darkes, J. & Goldman, M.S. (1993). Expectancy challenge and drinking reduction: Experimental evidence for a mediational process. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 344–353.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deese, J. (1959). On the prediction of occurrence of particular verbal intrusions in immediate recall. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drummond, D.C., Cooper, T., & Glautier, S.P. (1990). Conditioned learning in alcohol dependence: Implications for cue exposure treatment. British Journal of Addiction, 85, 725–743.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Field, M. & Duka, T. (2001). Smoking expectancy mediates the conditioned responses to arbitrary smoking cues. Behavioural Pharmacology, 12, 183–194.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Franken, I.H.A. (2003). Drug craving and addiction: integrating psychological and neuropsychopharmacological approaches. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 27, 563–579.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Franken, I.H.A., Rosso, M., & Honk, J. van (2003). Selective memory for alcohol cues in alcoholics and its relation to craving. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27, 481–488.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glautier, S. & Remington, B. (1995). The form of responses to drug cues. In D.C. Drummond, S.T. Tiffany, S. Glautier, & B. Remington (Eds.), Addictive behaviour: Cue exposure theory and practice(pp. 21–46). Chichester: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glautier, S. & Spencer, K. (1999). Activation of alcohol-related associative networks by recent alcohol consumption and alcohol-related cues. Addiction, 94, 1033–1041.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, M.S. & Darkes, J. (2004). Alcohol expectancy multiaxial assessment: A memory network-based approach. Psychological Assessment, 16, 4–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldman, M.S., Reich, R.R., & Darkes, J. (2006). Expectancy as a unifying construct in alcohol-related cognition. In R.W. Wiers & A.W. Stacy (Eds.), Handbook of implicit cognition and addictio(pp. 105–120). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Havermans, R.C. & Jansen, A.T.M. (2003). Increasing the efficacy of cue exposure treatment in preventing relapse of addictive behavior. Addictive Behaviors, 28, 989–994.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Havermans, R.C., Mulkens, S., Franken, I., Vanwingh, M., Sanderson, R., & Jansen, A. (2003). Cue exposure met responspreventie bij de behandeling van verslaving. Directieve Therapie, 23, 247–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havermans, R.C., Mulkens, S., Nederkoorn, C., & Jansen, A. (2007). The efficacy of cue exposure with response prevention in extinguishing drug and alcohol cue reactivity. Behavioral Interventions, 22, 121–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havermans, R.C., Vancleef, L., Bylois, E., Wiers, R.W., & Jansen, A. (2004). Context dependent access to alcohol-related concepts stored in memory. Alcohol Research, 9, 219–222.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heyman, G.M. (1996). Resolving the contradictions of addiction. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19, 561–610.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hull, C.L. (1952). A behavior system. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B.C., Jones, B.T., Blundell, L., & Bruce, G. (2002). Social users of alcohol and cannabis who detect substance-related changes in a change blindness paradigm report higher levels of use than those detecting substance-neutral changes. Psychopharmacology, 165, 93–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, B.T. & McMahon, J. (1996). A comparison of positive and negative alcohol expectancy and value and their multiplicative composite as predictors of post-treatment abstinence survivorship. Addiction, 91, 89–99.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marissen, M.A.E., Franken, I.H.A., Blanken, P., Brink, W. van den, & Hendriks, V.M. (2007). Cue exposure therapy for the treatment of opiate addiction: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76, 97–105.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marlatt, G.A. & Gordon, J.R. (1985). Relapse prevention. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLellan, A.T., Lewis, D.C., O’Brien, C.P., & Kleber, H.D. (2000). Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcome evaluation. Journal of the American Medical Association, 284, 1689–1695.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien, C.P., Greenstein, R., Ternes, J., McLellan, A.T., & Grabowski, J. (1979). Unreinforced self-injections: Effects on rituals and outcome in heroin addicts. NIDA Research Monograph, 27, 275–281.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ooteman, W., Koeter, M.W.J., Verheul, R., Schippers, G.M., & Brink, W. van den (2006). Measuring craving: an attempt to connect subjective craving with cue reactivity. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 30, 57–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlov, I.P. (1927). Conditioned reflexe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rescorla, R.A. & Lolordo, V.M. (1965). Inhibition of avoidance behavior. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 59, 406–412.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, T.E. & Berridge, K.C. (1993). The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Research and Reviews, 18, 247–291.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roehrich, L. & Goldman, M.S. (1995). Implicit priming of alcohol expectancy memory processes and subsequent drinking behavior. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 3, 402–410.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schoenmakers, T., Lux, I., Goertz, A., Kerkhof, D. van, Bruin, M. de, & Wiers, R.W. (2010). A randomized clinical trial to measure effects of an intervention to modify attentional bias in alcohol dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 109, 30–36.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulze, D. & Jones, B.T. (2000). Desire for alcohol and outcome expectancies as measures of alcohol cue reactivity in social drinkers. Addiction, 95, 1015–1020.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sher, K.J., Wood, M.D. Wood, P.K., & Raskin, G. (1996). Alcohol outcome expectancies and alcohol use: a latent variable cross-lagged panel study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 105, 561–574.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shiffman, S., Gwaltney, C.J., Balabanis, M.H., Liu, K.S., Paty, J.A., Kassel, J.D. et al. (2002). Immediate antecedents of cigarette smoking: An analysis from ecological momentary assessment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 531–545.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, S. (1983). Classical conditioning and drug effect. In R. Smart, F. Glaser, Y. Israel, H. Kalant, R. Popham, & W. Schmidt (Eds.), Research advances in alcohol and drug problems(pp. 207–246). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, S., Hinson, R.E., Krank, M.D., & McCully, J. (1982). Heroin ‘overdose’ death: contribution of drug-associated environmental cues. Science, 216, 436–437.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, S. & Ramos, B.M.C. (2002). Applying laboratory research: drug anticipation and the treatment of drug addiction. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 10, 162–183.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stacy, A.W., Leigh, B.C., & Weingardt, K.R. (1994). Memory accessibility and association of alcohol use and its positive outcomes. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2, 269–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stacy, A.W., Leigh, B.C., & Weingardt, K.R. (1997). An individual difference perspective applied to word association. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 229–237.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J., Wit, H. de, & Eikelboom, R. (1984). Role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of opiates and stimulants. Psychological Review, 91, 251–268.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thewissen, R., Havermans, R.C., Geschwind, N., Hout, M.A. van den, & Jansen, A. (2007). Pavlovian conditioning of an approach bias in low-dependent smokers. Psychopharmacology, 194, 33–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal intelligence. New York: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiffany, S.T., Cox, L.S., & Elash, C.A. (2000). Effects of transdermal nicotine patches on abstinence-induced and cue-elicited craving in cigarette smokers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 233–240.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tolman, E.C. (1949). There is more than one kind of learning. Psychological Review, 56, 144–155.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiers, R.W. (2007). Slaaf van het onbewuste. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiers, R.W. (2008). Alcohol and drug expectancies as anticipated changes in affect: Negative reinforcement is not sedation. Substance Use and Misuse, 43, 501–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiers, R.W., Cox, M., Field, M., Fadardi, J.S., Palfai, T.P., Schoenmakers, T., & Stacy, A.W. (2006). The search for new ways to change implicit alcohol-related cognitions in heavy drinkers. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 30, 320–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiers, R.W., Luitgaarden, J. van de, Wildenberg, E. van den, & Smulders, F.T.Y. (2005). Challenging implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions in young heavy drinkers. Addiction, 100, 806–819.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wikler, A. (1948). Recent progress in research on the neurophysiologic basis of morphine addiction. American Journal of Psychiatry, 105, 329–338.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Remco Havermans
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Reinout Wiers
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, onderdeel van Springer Media

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Havermans, R., Wiers, R. (2010). Makkelijk meer, moeilijk minder. In: Gek, Experimentele psychopathologie. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7640-7_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7640-7_12

  • Publisher Name: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-313-7639-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-90-313-7640-7

  • eBook Packages: Dutch language eBook collection

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation