Abstract
In de uterus is de menselijke foetus steriel, maar na passage door het geboortekanaal gaan er zich vaginale en fecale micro-organismen nestelen. Ook de kolonisatie van de mondholte start kort na de geboorte. Slechts enkele uren nadien wordt de steriele mondholte gekoloniseerd door lage aantallen van vooral facultatieve en aerobe bacteriën (Socransky en Manganiello, 1971). Vanaf de tweede dag kunnen er reeds anaerobe bacteriën worden gedetecteerd in de tandeloze mond van de zuigeling (Rotimi en Duerden, 1981). Binnen twee weken heeft zich een bijna mature microbiota gevestigd in de darm van de pasgeborene. Na het spenen (> 2 jaar), is de hele menselijke microbiële flora gevormd. Deze flora is een zeer complexe verzameling van ongeveer 1014 microorganismen. Vanaf dat moment bevat ons lichaam tien keer meer bacteriën dan cellen. In het algemeen leven deze bacteriën in harmonie met de gastheer, maar onder bijzondere omstandigheden (verhoogde massa en/of pathogeni- citeit, en/of verminderde gastheerrespons) kan ziekte optreden. Vaak hebben bacteriën en gastheercellen een commensale relatie, die voordelig is voor beide partijen.
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Loozen, G., Quirynen, M., van Essche, M., Teughels, W. (2010). Tandplaque als een biofilm: leven in ‘slime city’. In: de Baat, C., et al. Het Tandheelkundig Jaar 2010. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7510-3_10
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