Abstract
De laatste jaren vindt het meeste empirisch onderzoek naar de neurobiologie en neuroanatomie van persoonlijkheidstrekken plaats bij de BPSborderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis (BPS). Gezien de omvang en complexiteit van het neurobiologisch onderzoek bij deze patiëntengroep beperken wij ons in dit hoofdstuk tot een kritische bespreking van de neurobiologische bevindingen en hun relevantie voor de pathologie van de borderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis. De BPS is een complexe stoornis. De BPS-populatie is zeer heterogeen van samenstelling wat betreft etiologie, neuropathofysiologie, symptomatologie en comorbiditeit. De prevalentie van BPS in de algemene bevolking wordt geschat op ongeveer 2%. Onder ambulante psychiatrische patiënten voldoet 10% van de personen aan de diagnostische criteria van BPS en onder opgenomen psychiatrische patiënten 20% (DSM-IV-TR). De BPS is een ernstige stoornis met een deels chronisch beloop, wat tot een grote zorgconsumptie leidt. De stoornis wordt gekarakteriseerd door hoge percentages suïcide en suïcidepogingen (Perry, 1993). Het risico van suïcide is 50 maal hoger in de BPS-populatie dan in de algemene bevolking. De stoornis komt vaker voor bij vrouwen dan bij mannen en er zijn genderspecifieke verschillen in de uitingen van de symptomen (Zlotnick e.a., 2002a; Johnson e.a., 2003).
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Literatuur
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Rinne, T., Langeland, W. (2007). De invloed van langdurige vroegkinderlijke negatieve ervaringen in de ontwikkeling van de borderline persoonlijkheidsstoornis: een neurobiologisch perspectief. In: Eurelings-Bontekoe, E., Verheul, R., Snellen, W. (eds) Handboek Persoonlijkheidspathologie. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-6404-6_1
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