Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD), the prototype of degenerative dementias, represents 60 % of all dementias. After the sixth decade, its prevalence (5 % in people ≥65 years) doubles every 5 years, reaching 50 % for people >90.
AD has a mean survival of 10.3 years (range 2–20 years).
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) evolves to AD (10–15 % per year); non-amnestic MCI can progress to dementing disorders other than AD.
Dementia of Lewy body type is characterized by visual hallucinations, parkinsonism, cognitive fluctuations, and neuroleptic hypersensitivity.
Its mean survival is 7 years.
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or Pick disease shows heterogeneous behavioral abnormalities, with executive and language functions primarily impaired. FTD is as frequent as AD below age 60. FTD survival rarely exceeds 10–12 years from the onset. Median survival is 3 ± 0.4 years for FTD with motor neuron involvement.
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Tiraboschi, P. (2015). Dementias. In: Sghirlanzoni, A., Lauria, G., Chiapparini, L. (eds) Prognosis of Neurological Diseases. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_16
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