Abstract
Complications from genital reassignment in female to male (F-t-M) transsexuals are numerous and frequent. Breast reduction, hysterectomy, and phalloplasty including vaginectomy should be rather attempted in a two-session procedure than in a one-stage approach. Best results are obtained by a multidisciplinary team including urologists, plastic surgeons, and gynecologists. Short-term and long-term complications have been extensively published for free radial forearm flaps. Nevertheless, other free and pedicled flaps have been used for phalloplasty with specific advantages and disadvantages. Ideally, the responsible surgeon should be knowledgeable about more than one technique for phallic reconstruction in order to cover all personal desires of the individual patient. Urethral- and prosthetic-related complications are dominating the postoperative course of phalloplasty in F-t-M patients. It can be expected that 50–60 % of all implanted prostheses are still in place after a follow-up of 4–5 years. Even in face of revision rates over 50 %, more than 80 % of all patients can be expected to be satisfied with the end result after complete genital reassignment.
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Sohn, M. (2015). Complications. In: Trombetta, C., Liguori, G., Bertolotto, M. (eds) Management of Gender Dysphoria. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5696-1_35
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5696-1_35
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