Abstract
Radiologic assessment is important for the diagnosis of vascular malformations. MR is the best modality to evaluate the extent of the lesions and the relation with the adjacent structures. Low-flow malformations can be differentiated from high-flow lesions using the characteristics of the signal on different sequences. Routine sequences are T1- and T2-weighted SE images with fat suppression and/or STIR and post-contrast T1-weighted images. On spin-echo sequences, the vessels in the high-flow malformations appear as a signal void, and on gradient echo, the vessels are bright. 3D gradient-echo acquisitions gadolinium-enhanced and non-contrast imaging angiography using time-of-flight and true fast imaging with steady-state precession (TrueFISP) are useful to specify the type and the extension of the vascular malformation. More recently, time-resolved imaging with a high temporal resolution allows for a dynamic analysis of the vascular malformation and is particularly useful to identify the arterial feeders of a high-flow malformation. CT is useful to assess bone destruction and calcifications and also for three-dimensional reformation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dubois J, Soulez G, Oliva VL, Berthiaume MJ, Lapierre C, Therasse E (2001) Soft-tissue venous malformations in adult patients: imaging and therapeutic issues. Radiographics 21:1519–1531
Thawait SK, Puttgen K, Carrino JA, Fayad LM, Mitchell SE, Huisman TAGM, Tekes A (2013) MR imaging characteristics of soft tissue vascular anomalies in children. Eur J Pediatr 172:591–600
Caty V, Kauffmann C, Dubois J, Mansour A, Giroux MF, Oliva V, Piché N, Therasse E, Soulez G (2014) Clinical validation of semi-automated software for volumetric and dynamic contrast enhancement analysis of soft tissue venous malformations on magnetic resonance imaging examination. Eur Radiol 24(2):542–551
Dobson MJ, Hartley RW, Ashleigh R, Watson Y, Hawnaur JM (1997) MR angiography and MR imaging of symptomatic vascular malformations. Clin Radiol 52:595–602
Ohgiya Y, Hashimoto T, Gokan T et al (2005) Dynamic MRI for distinguishing high-flow from low-flow peripheral vascular malformations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 185:1131–1137
Taschner CA, Gieseke J, Le Thuc V et al (2008) Intracranial arteriovenous malformation: time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR angiography with combination of parallel imaging, keyhole acquisition, and k-space sampling techniques at 1.5 T. Radiology 246:871–879
Rak KM, Yakes WF, Ray RL et al (1992) MR imaging of symptomatic peripheral vascular malformations. AJR Am J Roentgenol 159:107–112
Li W, David V, Kaplan R, Edelman RR (1998) Three-dimensional low dose gadolinium-enhanced peripheral MR venography. J Magn Reson Imaging 8:630–633
Reinacher PC, Stracke P, Reinges MH, Hans FJ, Krings T (2007) Contrast-enhanced time-resolved 3-D MRA: applications in neurosurgery and interventional neuroradiology. Neuroradiology 49(Suppl 1):S3–S13
Ziyeh S, Strecker R, Berlis A, Weber J, Klisch J, Mader I (2005) Dynamic 3D MR angiography of intra- and extracranial vascular malformations at 3 T: a technical note. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26:630–634
Dubois J, Alison M (2010) Vascular anomalies: what a radiologist needs to know. Pediatr Radiol 40:895–905
Konez O, Vyas PK, Goyal M (2000) Disseminated lymphangiomatosis presenting with massive chylothorax. Pediatr Radiol 30:35–37
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dubois, J., Soulez, G. (2015). Role of MR and CT in Diagnostics. In: Mattassi, R., Loose, D., Vaghi, M. (eds) Hemangiomas and Vascular Malformations. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5673-2_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5673-2_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-5672-5
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-5673-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)