Skip to main content

Approccio integrato alla gestione sanitaria degli apiari

  • Chapter
Patologia e avversità dell’alveare
  • 430 Accesses

Riassunto

L’alveare offre un habitat favorevole a un’ampia varietà di organismi, alcuni dei quali molto pericolosi. Le malattie sono causate da organismi che trovano nell’ape un ospite adatto in cui svolgere il proprio ciclo vitale. Molti di questi sono parassiti specifici obbligati, cioè la loro esistenza è indissolubilmente legata all’ape, che trovano nell’alveare rifugio, fonte di cibo e regolazione termica e igrometrica garantita costantemente dalle api. Inoltre, l’ape offre un’efficace sistema di trasmissione che permette ai parassiti di invadere nuove colonie per via orizzontale, attraverso la deriva o il saccheggio, e per via verticale, mediante la sciamatura. Tali organismi possono essere distinti in microparassiti es. virus, batteri, microsporidi), spesso indicati come patogeni, e in macroparassiti, come nel caso degli acari.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliografia

  1. Brodsgaarf R, Crailsheim K (2010) Nutrition and health in honey bees. Apidologie, 41:278–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Seeley TD, Visscher PK (1985) Survival of honeybees in cold climates: the critical timing of colony growth and reproduction. Ecol Entomol 10:81–88

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. McMullan J (2008) Feeding honey bee colonies. Bee Craft 90(9):21-23

    Google Scholar 

  4. McMullan J (2012) Having healthy honeybees, an integrated approach. FIBKA Genprint

    Google Scholar 

  5. McMullan JB, Brown MJ (2006) The influence of small-cell brood on the morphometry of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.). Apidologie 37:655–672

    Google Scholar 

  6. Seeley TD, Griffin SR (2011) Small-cell comb does not control Varroa in the colonies of honeybees of European origin. Apidologie 42:526–532

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Coffey MF (2007) Parasites of the honeybee. DAFF, Dublin

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ellis JD, Delaplane KS, Hood WM (2001) Efficacy of a bottom screem device, Apistan, and Apilife VAR in controlling Varroa destructor. Am Bee J 141:813–816

    Google Scholar 

  9. Fera (2010) Managing Varroa. www.defra.gov.uk/fera. Accessed

  10. Fries I, Imdorf A, Rosenkranz P (2006) Survival of mite infested (Varroa destructor) honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in a Nordic climate. Apidologie 37:564–570

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Le Conte Y, de Vaublang G, Crauser D, Jeanne F (2007) Honey bee colonies that have survived Varroa destructor. Apidologie 38:566–572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Sammataro D, Untalan P, Guerreo F, Finley J (2005) The resistance of Varroa mites (Acari: Varroidae) to acaricides and the presence of esterase. Int J Acarol 31:67–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Seeley T (2006) Honey bees of the Arnot forest: a population of feral colonies persisting with Varroa destructor in the north eastern United States. Apidologie 38:19–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Peng C (1992) Honey bee grooming behavior in Varroa mite resistance. Bee Science 2(4):200–201

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dung NV; Tan NQ, Huan LV, Beetsm WJ (1995) Bio-technical manipulations used in Vietnam to control Varroa jacobsoni and Tropilaelaps clareae in colonies of Apis mellifera. Bee Science 4:11–13

    Google Scholar 

  16. Schulz A, Koeniger N, Ruttner F (1983) Drohnenbrut als Varroa-Falle. Imkerfreund 38:50–51

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fakhimzadeh K (2000) Potential of super-fine ground, plain white sugar dusting as an ecological tool for the control of varroasis in the honey bee (Apis mellifera). Am Bee J 140(6):487–491

    Google Scholar 

  18. Spivak M (1996) Honey bee hygienic behavior and defense against Varroa jacobsoni. Apidologie 27:245–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Harbo JR, Harris JW (1999) Selecting honey bees for resistance to Varroa jacobsoni. Apidologie 30:183–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Harbo JR, Hoopingarner RA (1997) Honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in the United States that express resistance to Varroa jacobsoni (Mesostigmata: Varroidae). J Econ Entomol 90(4):893–898

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rinderer TE, Kutsnetzov VN, Danka RG, Delatte GT (1997) An importation of potentially varroa-resistant honey bees from far-eastern Russia. Am Bee J 137(11):787–789

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sakofski F, Koeniger N, Fuchs S (1990) Seasonality of honey bee colony invasion by Varroa jacobsoni Oud. Apidologie 21(6):547–550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Rinderer TE, De Guzman LI, Harper C (2004) The effects of co-mingled Russian and Italian honey bee stocks and sunny or shaded apiaries on varroa mite infestation level, worker bee population and honey production. Am Bee J 144(6):481–485

    Google Scholar 

  24. Pettis JS, Shimanuki H (1999) A hive modification to reduce varroa populations. Am Bee J 139:471–473

    Google Scholar 

  25. Harbo JR, Harris JW (2004) Effect of screen floors on populations of honey bees and parasitic mites (Varroa destructor). J Apicult Res 43(3):114–117

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hoopingarner R (2001) Biotechnical control of varroa mites. In: Webster TC, Delaplane KS (eds) Mites of the honey bee. Dadant, Hamilton, IL, pp 197–204

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wilkinson D, Thompson HM, Smith GC (2001) Modeling biological approaches to controlling Varroa populations. Am Bee J 141(7):511–516

    Google Scholar 

  28. Metcalf RL (1982) Insecticides in pest management, 2nd edn. In: Metcalf RL, Luckmann WH (eds) Introduction to insect pest management. John Wiley, New York, pp 217–277

    Google Scholar 

  29. Strange JP, Sheppard WS (2001) Treatment thresholds and timing for the control of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies in Washington State. J Econ Entomol 94:1324–1333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Delaplane KS, Hood WM (1999) Economic threshold for Varroa jacobsoni Oud in the southeastern USA. Apidologie 30:383–395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Floris I, Ruiu L, Buffa F, Satta A (2009) Caratteristiche e dinamica dell’infestazione di Varroa destructor in ambiente meridionale. Apoidea 6:86–92

    Google Scholar 

  32. Floris I (1997) A sequential sampling technique for female adult mites of Varroa jacobsoni Oudemans in the sealed worker brood of Apis mellifera ligustica Spin. Apidologie 28:63–70

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Delaplane KS, Berry JA, Skinner JA et al (2005) Integrated pest management against Varroa destructor reduces colony mite levels and delays treatment threshold. J Apicult Res 44(4):157–162

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ignazio Floris .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Floris, I. (2014). Approccio integrato alla gestione sanitaria degli apiari. In: Carpana, E., Lodesani, M. (eds) Patologia e avversità dell’alveare. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5650-3_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics