Abstract
Mild to moderate hypothermia exerted extraordinary protection against traumatic ischemic-hypoxic brain injury and consequently produced long-term beneficial clinic effects. Currently, the routine methods for inducing hypothermia mainly rely on physical strategies. Those shortcomings of the physical hypothermia limited the widely use of this life-saving intervention and also negated the beneficial effects of hypothermia. Recently, pharmacological method has emerged as a novel option for induction of hypothermia as to its easy implementation. There have been a series of drugs reported to induce hypothermia, such as the cannabinoids, opioid receptor agonists, transient receptor potential vanilloid, neurotensins, thyroxine derivatives, dopamine receptor agonists, cholecystokinin. It would provide broad clinical implications and insights understanding the interactions between neuroprotection and pharmacological hypothermia.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Herkenham M, Lynn AB, Little MD, Johnson MR, Melvin LS, de Costa BR, Rice KC (1990) Cannabinoid receptor localization in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:1932–1936
Herkenham M, Lynn AB, Johnson MR, Melvin LS, de Costa BR, Rice KC (1991) Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study. J Neurosci 11:563–583 (the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience)
Tsou K, Brown S, Sanudo-Pena MC, Mackie K, Walker JM (1998) Immunohistochemical distribution of cannabinoid cb1 receptors in the rat central nervous system. Neuroscience 83:393–411
Piomelli D (2003) The molecular logic of endocannabinoid signalling. Nat Rev Neurosci 4:873–884
Mackie K (2006) Cannabinoid receptors as therapeutic targets. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 46:101–122
Di Marzo V (2008) Targeting the endocannabinoid system: to enhance or reduce? Nat Rev Drug Discov 7:438–455
Jin KL, Mao XO, Goldsmith PC, Greenberg DA (2000) Cb1 cannabinoid receptor induction in experimental stroke. Ann Neurol 48:257–261
Sinor AD, Irvin SM, Greenberg DA (2000) Endocannabinoids protect cerebral cortical neurons from in vitro ischemia in rats. Neurosci Lett 278:157–160
Nagayama T, Sinor AD, Simon RP, Chen J, Graham SH, Jin K, Greenberg DA (1999) Cannabinoids and neuroprotection in global and focal cerebral ischemia and in neuronal cultures. J Neurosci 19:2987–2995
Braida D, Pozzi M, Sala M (2000) Cp 55,940 protects against ischemia-induced electroencephalographic flattening and hyperlocomotion in mongolian gerbils. Neurosci Lett 296:69–72
Viscomi MT, Oddi S, Latini L, Bisicchia E, Maccarrone M, Molinari M (2010) The endocannabinoid system: a new entry in remote cell death mechanisms. Exp Neurol 224:56–65
Rawls SM, Cabassa J, Geller EB, Adler MW (2002) Cb1 receptors in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus regulate win 55212–2 [(4,5-dihydro-2-methyl-4(4-morpholinylmethyl)-1-(1-naphthalenyl-carbonyl)- 6h-pyrrolo[3,2,1ij]quinolin-6-one]-induced hypothermia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 301:963–968
Rawls SM, Tallarida RJ, Kon DA, Geller EB, Adler MW (2004) Gabaa receptors modulate cannabinoid-evoked hypothermia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 78:83–91
Gonzalez B, Paz F, Floran L, Aceves J, Erlij D, Floran B (2009) Cannabinoid agonists stimulate [3h]gaba release in the globus pallidus of the rat when g(i) protein-receptor coupling is restricted: Role of dopamine d2 receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 328:822–828
Sulcova E, Mechoulam R, Fride E (1998) Biphasic effects of anandamide. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59:347–352
Fernandez-Lopez D, Faustino J, Derugin N, Wendland M, Lizasoain I, Moro MA, Vexler ZS (2012) Reduced infarct size and accumulation of microglia in rats treated with win 55,212–2 after neonatal stroke. Neuroscience 207:307–315
Alonso-Alconada D, Alvarez A, Alvarez FJ, Martinez-Orgado JA, Hilario E (2012) The cannabinoid win 55212–2 mitigates apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction after hypoxia ischemia. Neurochem Res 37:161–170
Alonso-Alconada D, Alvarez FJ, Alvarez A, Mielgo VE, Goni-de-Cerio F, Rey-Santano MC, Caballero A, Martinez-Orgado J, Hilario E (2010) The cannabinoid receptor agonist win 55,212–2 reduces the initial cerebral damage after hypoxic-ischemic injury in fetal lambs. Brain Res 1362:150–159
Hu B, Wang Q, Chen Y, Du J, Zhu X, Lu Y, Xiong L, Chen S (2010) Neuroprotective effect of win 55,212–2 pretreatment against focal cerebral ischemia through activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 645:102–107
Fernandez-Lopez D, Martinez-Orgado J, Nunez E, Romero J, Lorenzo P, Moro MA, Lizasoain I (2006) Characterization of the neuroprotective effect of the cannabinoid agonist win-55212 in an in vitro model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. Pediatr Res 60:169–173
Martinez-Orgado J, Fernandez-Frutos B, Gonzalez R, Romero E, Uriguen L, Romero J, Viveros MP (2003) Neuroprotection by the cannabinoid agonist win-55212 in an in vivo newborn rat model of acute severe asphyxia. Brain Res Mol Brain Res 114:132–139
Clark WG, Cumby HR (1978) Hyperthermic responses to central and peripheral injections of morphine sulphate in the cat. Br J Pharmacol 63:65–71
Geller EB, Hawk C, Keinath SH, Tallarida RJ, Adler MW (1983) Subclasses of opioids based on body temperature change in rats: Acute subcutaneous administration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 225:391–398
Rosow CE, Miller JM, Poulsen-Burke J, Cochin J (1982) Opiates and thermoregulation in mice. Ii. Effects of opiate antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 220:464–467
Hayes AG, Skingle M, Tyers MB (1985) Effect of beta-funaltrexamine on opioid side-effects produced by morphine and u-50, 488h. J Pharm Pharmacol 37:841–843
Geller EB, Rowan CH, Adler MW (1986) Body temperature effects of opioids in rats: intracerebroventricular administration. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 24:1761–1765
Maldonado R, Dauge V, Callebert J, Villette JM, Fournie-Zaluski MC, Feger J, Roques BP (1989) Comparison of selective and complete inhibitors of enkephalin-degrading enzymes on morphine withdrawal syndrome. Eur J Pharmacol 165:199–207
Lin MT, Uang WN, Chan HK (1984) Hypothalamic neuronal responses to iontophoretic application of morphine in rats. Neuropharmacology 23:591–594
Kusumoto K, Mackay KB, McCulloch J (1992) The effect of the kappa-opioid receptor agonist ci-977 in a rat model of focal cerebral ischaemia. Brain Res 576:147–151
Silvia RC, Slizgi GR, Ludens JH, Tang AH (1987) Protection from ischemia-induced cerebral edema in the rat by u-50488h, a kappa opioid receptor agonist. Brain Res 403:52–57
Yang L, Wang H, Shah K, Karamyan VT, Abbruscato TJ (2011) Opioid receptor agonists reduce brain edema in stroke. Brain Res 1383:307–316
Gueniau C, Oberlander C (1997) The kappa opioid agonist niravoline decreases brain edema in the mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282:1–6
Goyagi T, Toung TJ, Kirsch JR, Traystman RJ, Koehler RC, Hurn PD, Bhardwaj A (2003) Neuroprotective kappa-opioid receptor agonist brl 52537 attenuates ischemia-evoked nitric oxide production in vivo in rats. Stroke 34:1533–1538 (a journal of cerebral circulation)
Furui T (1993) Potential protection by a specific kappa-opiate agonist u-50488h against membrane failure in acute ischemic brain. Neurol Med Chir 33:133–138
Charron C, Messier C, Plamondon H (2008) Neuroprotection and functional recovery conferred by administration of kappa- and delta 1-opioid agonists in a rat model of global ischemia. Physiol Behav 93:502–511
Zhang Z, Chen TY, Kirsch JR, Toung TJ, Traystman RJ, Koehler RC, Hurn PD, Bhardwaj A (2003) Kappa-opioid receptor selectivity for ischemic neuroprotection with brl 52537 in rats. Anesth Analg 97:1776–1783
Mackay KB, Kusumoto K, Graham DI, McCulloch J (1993) Focal cerebral ischemia in the cat: pretreatment with a kappa-1 opioid receptor agonist, ci-977. Brain Res 618:213–219
Zadina JE, Banks WA, Kastin AJ (1986) Central nervous system effects of peptides, 1980–1985: a cross-listing of peptides and their central actions from the first six years of the journal peptides. Peptides 7:497–537
Kapas L, Benedek G, Penke B (1989) Cholecystokinin interferes with the thermoregulatory effect of exogenous and endogenous opioids. Neuropeptides 14:85–92
Kapas L, Obal F Jr, Alfoldi P, Rubicsek G, Penke B, Obal F (1988) Effects of nocturnal intraperitoneal administration of cholecystokinin in rats: simultaneous increase in sleep, increase in eeg slow-wave activity, reduction of motor activity, suppression of eating, and decrease in brain temperature. Brain Res 438:155–164
Palkovits M, Kiss JZ, Beinfeld MC, Williams TH (1982) Cholecystokinin in the nucleus of the solitary tract of the rat: evidence for its vagal origin. Brain Res 252:386–390
Szelenyi Z, Bartho L, Szekely M, Romanovsky AA (1994) Cholecystokinin octapeptide (cck-8) injected into a cerebral ventricle induces a fever-like thermoregulatory response mediated by type b cck-receptors in the rat. Brain Res 638:69–77
Rezayat M, Ravandeh N, Zarrindast MR (1999) Cholecystokinin and morphine-induced hypothermia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 9:219–225 (the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology)
Pullen RG, Hodgson OJ (1987) Penetration of diazepam and the non-peptide cck antagonist, l-364,718, into rat brain. J Pharm Pharmacol 39:863–864
Woltman TA, Hulce M, Reidelberger RD (1999) Relative blood-brain barrier permeabilities of the cholecystokinin receptor antagonists devazepide and a-65186 in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 51:917–920
Yasui M, Kawasaki K (1995) 1-cckb receptor activation protects ca1 neurons from ischemia-induced dysfunction in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats hippocampal slices. Neurosci Lett 191:99–102
Weng Y, Sun S, Song F Phil Chung S, Park J, Harry Weil M, Tang W (2011) Cholecystokinin octapeptide induces hypothermia and improves outcomes in a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med 39:2407–2412
Jancso-Gabor A, Szolcsanyi J, Jancso N (1970) Stimulation and desensitization of the hypothalamic heat-sensitive structures by capsaicin in rats. J Physiol 208:449–459
Uhl GR (1982) Distribution of neurotensin and its receptor in the central nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci 400:132–149
Kalivas PW, Jennes L, Nemeroff CB, Prange AJ Jr (1982) Neurotensin: topographical distribution of brain sites involved in hypothermia and antinociception. J Comp Neurol 210:225–238
Martin GE, Bacino CB, Papp NL (1980) Hypothermia elicited by the intracerebral microinjection of neurotensin. Peptides 1:333–339
Torup L, Borsdal J, Sager T (2003) Neuroprotective effect of the neurotensin analogue jmv-449 in a mouse model of permanent middle cerebral ischaemia. Neurosci Lett 351:173–176
Choi KE, Hall CL, Sun JM, Wei L, Mohamad O, Dix TA, Yu SP (2012) 1-a novel stroke therapy of pharmacologically induced hypothermia after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. FASEB J 26(7):2799–2810 (official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology)
Babcock AM, Baker DA, Hallock NL, Lovec R, Lynch WC, Peccia JC (1993) Neurotensin-induced hypothermia prevents hippocampal neuronal damage and increased locomotor activity in ischemic gerbils. Brain Res Bull 32:373–378
Doyle KP, Suchland KL, Ciesielski TM, Lessov NS, Grandy DK, Scanlan TS, Stenzel-Poore MP (2007) Novel thyroxine derivatives, thyronamine and 3-iodothyronamine, induce transient hypothermia and marked neuroprotection against stroke injury. Stroke 38:2569–2576 (a journal of cerebral circulation)
Kebabian JW, Calne DB (1979) Multiple receptors for dopamine. Nature 277:93–96
Nunes JL, Sharif NA, Michel AD, Whiting RL (1991) Dopamine d2-receptors mediate hypothermia in mice: Icv and ip effects of agonists and antagonists. Neurochem Res 16:1167–1174
Salmi P, Ahlenius S (1997) Dihydrexidine produces hypothermia in rats via activation of dopamine d1 receptors. Neurosci Lett 236:57–59
Perachon S, Betancur C, Pilon C, Rostene W, Schwartz JC, Sokoloff P (2000) Role of dopamine d3 receptors in thermoregulation: a reappraisal. Neuroreport 11:221–225
Morley JE, Levine AS, Lindblad S (1981) Intraventricular cholecystokinin-octapeptide produces hypothermia in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 74:249–251
Clark WG, Lipton JM (1985) Changes in body temperature after administration of amino acids, peptides, dopamine, neuroleptics and related agents: Ii. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 9:299–371
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Weng, Y., Sun, S., Tang, W. (2014). Pharmacological Induction of Hypothermia. In: Gullo, A., Ristagno, G. (eds) Resuscitation. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5507-0_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5507-0_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-5506-3
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-5507-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)