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Acute Perilunate Dislocations and Fracture-Dislocations

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Fracture-Dislocations of the Wrist

Abstract

Perilunate injuries, although rare, constitute the most frequent category of wrist dislocations. The terminology and classification of the acute type of perilunate injuries are being analyzed, while great emphasis is given to the disruption mechanisms of the wrist and to the potential paths of injury. Additionally, the choices available and the methods offered for the treatment of these injuries are being studied, while open reduction and internal fixation comprise the main body of this chapter. Through combined approach, a detailed assessment of the injuries both palmarly and dorsally can be performed, whereas their recommended, gradual reconstruction is described. Emphasis is also given to the existing differences between lesser and greater arc injuries. In order to complete the full description of these injuries, apart from the acute form of perilunate dislocations and fracture-dislocations, the scaphocapitate syndrome, the palmar perilunate dislocations and the delayed or chronic form of these injuries, are also studied and described in separate sub-chapters.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Both Mayfield et al. [36] in experimental studies and Taleisnik [44] in the clinical practice observed the so-called paradox of closed reduction, namely, when the wrist is palmarflexed in order to relax the torn palmar radiocarpal ligaments and facilitate their approximation and healing, the scaphoid is placed in the undesirable, unstable palmarflexed position of presubluxaton. If the scaphoid is reduced with the wrist in dorsiflexion, a gap is produced between the torn palmar ligaments, and their healing is either prevented or delayed.

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Apergis, E. (2013). Acute Perilunate Dislocations and Fracture-Dislocations. In: Fracture-Dislocations of the Wrist. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5328-1_4

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