Riassunto
Un ragazzo di 12 anni è vittima di un incidente in bicicletta che gli procura una frattura aperta dalla mandibola. Lo specializzando di anestesia decide di gestirlo con un ’ induzione in sequenza rapida, perché ha lo stomaco pieno e l ’ apertura della bocca è ridotta a causa del dolore. L ’ intubazione riesce senza problemi e l ’ anestesia è mantenuta per via endovenosa totale (TIVA) con propofol e remifentanil. Dopo 30 minuti d ’ intervento senza particolarità, la saturazione comincia lentamente a diminuire e insorge una tachicardia sinusale. Pensando a un ’ insufficiente profondità dell ’ anestesia, il medico specializzando aumenta il dosaggio di propofol e di remifentanil. Tuttavia, questa variazione non ha effetti sulla tachicardia. Lo specializzando controlla quindi l ’ accesso venoso per eliminare un ’ eventuale infiltrazione di anestetico nei tessuti molli e ausculta i polmoni. Il murmure vescicolare è bilaterale e simmetrico. Nel frattempo, diventa necessario somministrare 70% di ossigeno per mantenere una saturazione superiore al 95%. Non riuscendo a trovare una causa apparente per il peggioramento clinico e preoccupato per la pericolosità della situazione, il medico chiede l ’ aiuto del suo supervisore responsabile. Quando, pochi minuti dopo, il medico specialista entra in sala operatoria, il paziente è ventilato con un volume minuto di 9,5 l/min per mantenere una CO2 di fine espirazione intorno a 45 mmHg. Si notano all ’ ECG alcuni battiti prematuri ventricolari monomorfi. Il medico chiede allo specializzando di inserire una linea di pressione arteriosa invasiva nell ’ arteria radiale e di fare un’emogasanalisi.
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St.Pierre, M., Hofinger, G., Buerschaper, C., Simon, R., Daroui, I. (2013). Capacità di comando: leadership. In: Gestione delle crisi in medicina d’urgenza e terapia intensiva. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2799-2_13
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