Riassunto
A seguito delle numerose discussioni riguardanti i vari fattori alla base del rapporte mente-corpo, si è giunti alla conclusione che queste componenti facciano parte di un unico sistema complesso specializzato ad adattarsi e a rispondere, nel migliore dei modi, alle richieste provenienti dall’ambiente esterno. Sin dall’antica Grecia, grazie al contributo di numerosi autori, tra cui Ippocrate, e alla sua teoria sulla patologia umorale, si è sottolineato l’imprescindibile rapporte tra la mente e il corpo, tra “psiche e soma”, da cui nasce il termine psicosomatica. Generaliz-zando, si può affermare che nei secoli precedenti alle grandi scoperte in campo medico, in cui si iniziò a identificare le malattie sulla base di infezioni batteriche e virali, la patologia veniva inserita in un conteste più ampio, che considerava i fattori emotivi e sociali del paziente come fattori molto significativi. Tuttavia, come sottolineato da Solano [1], le questioni inerenti la psicosomatica riaffiorarono nella seconda metà dell’Ottocento con I’affermarsi della medicina scientifica in un’ottica positivista.
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Compare, A., Zarbo, C., Baldassari, E., Bonardi, A. (2013). Dalla salute mentale a quella fisica: medicina psicosomatica, stress e personalità. In: Grossi, E., Ravagnan, A. (eds) Cultura e salute. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2781-7_10
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