Riassunto
Il tema del suicidio tra militari e forze dell’ordine oscilla, in genere, tra l’estremo riserbo da parte degli organi ufficiali competenti e le „grida di allarme“ da parte della stampa quando qualche appartenente a tali settori dello Stato compie un suicidio. Stando a quanto dichiarato dall’allora Ministro della Difesa in un’interrogazione parlamentare del settembre 2011, ad esempio, si sono verificati, tra l’1 gennaio 2000 e il 30 giugno 2011 almeno 88 casi di suicidio nelle Forze Armate e 141 nell’Arma dei Carabinieri (seduta n. 240 della Commissione Difesa del 18 luglio 2001; indagine conoscitiva condotta in seguito al suicidio di alcuni soldati di leva).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliografia
Allen JP, Cross G, Swanner J (2005) Suicide in the Army: a review of current information. Military Medicine 170:580–584
Baumeister RF, Leary MR (1995) The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 117:497–529
Brenner LA, Gutierrez PM, Cornette MM et al (2008) A qualitative study of potential suicide risk factors in returning combat veterans. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 30:211–225
Brewin CR, Andrews B, Valentine JD (2000) Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68:748–766
Brown G, Beck AT, Steer R et al (2000) Risk factors for suicide in psychiatric outpatients: A 20-year prospective study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68:371–377
Bryan CJ, Cukrowicz KC, West CL et al (2010) Combat Experience and the Acquired Capability for Suicide. Journal of Clinical Psychology 66:1044–1056
Cabrera OA, Hoge CW, Bliese PD, Castro CA, Messer SC (2007) Childhood adversity and combat as predictors of depression and post-traumatic stress in deployed troops. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 33:77–82
Clancy CP, Graybeal A, Tompson WP et al (2006) Lifetime trauma exposure in veterans with military-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Associations with current symptomatology. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67:1346–1353
Clerici CA, Invernizzi R, Veneroni L et al (2009) Suicidi e omicidi con l’arma di ordinanza. Analisi della casistica nelle guardie particolari giurate in Italia. Giornale Italiano di Medicina del Lavoro ed Ergonomica 31: A10–A15
Desjeux G, Labarère J, Galoisy-Guibal L, Ecochard R (2004) Suicide in the French armed forces. European Journal of Epidemiology 19:823–829
Dohrenwend BP, Turner JB, Turse NA et al (2006) The psychological risks of Vietnam for U.S. veterans: A revisit with new data and methods. Science 313:979–982
Fear NT, Ward VR, Harrison K et al (2009) Suicide among male regular UK Armed Forces personnel, 1984–2007. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 66:438–441
Gale CR, Deary IJ, Boyle SH et al (2008) Cognitive ability in early adulthood and risk of 5 specific psychiatric disorders in middle age: The Vietnam experience study. Archives of General Psychiatry 65:1410–1418
Griffith J (2012) Suicide in the army national guard: an empirical inquiry. Suicide and Life Threatening Behaviors 42:104–119
Hesse E (2011) Poisoning-related Hospitalizations and Risk Factors for Self-inflicted Poisoning in the Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2001–2010. Massachussets Society for Medical Research 18:9–13
Hoge CW, Castro CA (2006) Post-traumatic stress disorder in UK and US forces deployed to Iraq. Lancet 3689538:837
Hoge CW, Castro CA, Messer SC et al (2004) Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care. New England Journal of Medicine 351:13–22
Holm-Denoma J, Witte T, Gordon K et al (2008) Case reports of anorexic women’s deaths by suicide as arbiters between competing explanations of the anorexiasuicide link. Journal of Affective Disorders 107:231–236
Hotopf M, Hull L, Fear NT et al (2006) The health of UK military personnel who deployed to the 2003 Iraq war: A cohort study. Lancet 367:1731–1741
Huddleston L, Stephens C, Paton D (2007) An evaluation of traumatic and organizational experiences on the psychological health of New Zealand police recruits. Work 28:199–207
Iverson AC, Fear NT, Simonoff E et al (2007) Influence of childhood adversity on health among male UK military personnel. British Journal of Psychiatry 191:506–511
Joiner TE (2005) Why people die by suicide. Harvard University Press, Cambridge
Joiner TE, Hollar D, Van Orden KA (2006) On buckeyes, gators, super bowl Sunday, and the miracle on ice: “pulling together” is associated with lower suicide rates. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 25:180–196
Joiner T, Pettit JW, Walker RL et al (2002) Perceived burdensomeness and suicidality: Two studies on the suicide notes of those attempting and those completing suicide. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 21:531–545
Joiner TE, Sachs-Ericsson NJ, Wingate LR et al (2007) Childhood physical and sexual abuse and lifetime number of suicide attempts: A persistent and theoretically important relationship. Behaviour Research and Therapy 45:539–547
Joiner TE, Van Orden KA, Witte TK et al (2009) Acquired capability for suicidal behavior and its interaction with burdensomeness and belongingness to predict suicide attempts. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 118:634–646
Kang HK, Bullman TA (2009) Is there an epidemic of suicides among current and former U.S. military personnel? Annals of Epidemiology 19:757–760
Kaplan MS, Huguet N, McFarland BH et al (2007) Suicide among male veterans: A prospective population-based study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 61:619–624
Kapur N, While D, Blatchley N et al (2009) Suicide after Leaving the UK Armed Forces-A Cohort Study. PLoS Medicine 6:269–277
Kapusta ND, Voracek M, Etzersdorfer E et al (2010) Characteristics of police officer suicides in the Federal Austrian Police Corps. Crisis 31:265–271
King DW, King LA, Foy DW et al (1996) Prewar factors in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Structural equation modeling with a national sample of female and male Vietnam veterans. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 64:520–531
Koenen KC, Stellman JM, Stellman SC et al (2003) Risk factors for course of posttraumatic stress disorder among Vietnam veterans: A 14-year follow-up of American Legionnaires. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71:980–986
Mahon MJ, Tobin JP, Cusack DA et al (2005) Suicide among regular-duty military personnel: a retrospective case-control study of occupation-specific risk factors for workplace suicide. American Journal of Psychiatry 162:1688–1696
Mansfield AJ, Bender RH, Hourani LL et al (2011) Suicidal or self-harming ideation in military personnel transitioning to civilian life. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behaviors 41:392–405
Miller M, Barber C, Young M et al (2012) Veterans and suicide: a reexamination of the National Death Index-linked National Health Interview Survey. American Journal of Public Health 102: S154–S159
Milliken CS, Auchterlonie JL, Hoge CW (2007) Longitudinal assessment of mental health problems among active and reserve component soldiers returning from the Iraq war. Journal of the American Medical Association 298:2141–2148
Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ et al (2008a) Crossnational prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. British Journal of Psychiatry 192:98–105
Nock MK, Borges G, Bromet EJ et al (2008b) Suicide and Suicidal Behavior. Epidemiologic Reviews 30:133–15
Pettit JW, Lam AG, Voelz ZR et al (2002) Perceived burdensomeness and lethality of suicide method among suicide completers in the People’s Republic of China. Omega: Journal of Death and Dying 45:57–67
Pietrantoni L, Prati G, Morelli A (2003) Stress e salute nelle forze dell’ordine. Nuove Tendenze della Psicologia 1:255–274
Ritchie EC, Keppler WC, Rothberg JM (2003) Suicidal admissions in the United States military. Military Medicine 168:177–181
Schlenger WE, Kulka RA, Fairbank JA et al (1992) The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the Vietnam generation: A multi-method, multisource assessment of psychiatric disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress 5:333–363
Schok ML, Kleber RJ, Elands M et al (2008) Meaning as a mission: A review of empirical studies on appraisals of war and peacekeeping experiences. Clinical Psychology Review 28:357–365
Scoville SL, Gardner JW, Potter RN (2004) Traumatic deaths during U.S. Armed Forces basic training. American Journal of Preventative Medicine 26:194–204
Scoville SL, Gubata ME, Potter RN et al (2007) Deaths attributed to suicide among enlisted U.S. armed forces. Military Medicine 172:1024–1031
Selby EA, Anestis MD, Bender TW et al. (2010) Overcoming the fear of lethal injury: evaluating suicidal behavior in the military through the lens of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide. Clinical Psychology Review 30:298–307
Stuart H (2008) Suicidality among police. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 21:505–509
Trofimovich L, Skopp NA, Luxton DD et al (2012) Health Care Experiences Prior to Suicide and Self-inflicted Injury, Active Component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2001–2010. Massachussets Society for Medical Research 19:2–6
Van Orden KA, Witte TK, Cukrowicz KC, Braithwaite SR, Selby EA, Joiner TE (2010) The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychology Review 117:575–600
Van Orden KA, Witte TK, Gordon KH et al (2008) Suicidal desire and the capability for suicide: Tests of the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicidal behavior among adults. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 76:72–83
Van Orden KA, Joiner TE Jr, Hollar D et al (2006) A test of the effectiveness of a list of suicide warning signs for the public. Suicide Life Threat Behav 36:272–287
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Giampieri, E., Alamia, A., Romanato, S., Ranzenigo, V., Ronzitti, S., Clerici, M. (2013). Il suicidio nell’esercito e nelle forze dell’ordine. In: Il suicidio oggi. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2715-2_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2715-2_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-2714-5
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2715-2
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)