Abstract
A correct approach to critically ill patients requires invasive haemodynamic monitoring and, even if many non-invasive measurements have been suggested for a good assessment of cardiac output and derived parameters, thermodilution with the use of a pulmonary artery catheter is still the gold standard [1]. An alternative way to measure haemodynamic data is founded on the use of the “double indicator technique”, that requires the injection of two indicators into the right atrium and their detection on the arterial side of circulation. This technique is less invasive than the traditional one, because it does not need the use of pulmonary artery catheter and, moreover, its use lets us measure additional physiological and pathophysiological parameters, as intravascular blood volumes, extravascular lung water and liver perfusion.
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Nastasi, M., Petrini, F., Martinelli, G. (1997). Evaluation of Cardiothoracic Parameters: The Clinical Role of Intrathoracic Blood Volume. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2296-6_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2296-6_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
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