Skip to main content

Chlamydia pneumoniae and Atherosclerosis: Animal Models

  • Chapter
Chlamydia pneumoniae
  • 54 Accesses

Abstract

The cumulative seroepidemiologic studies, direct detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae antigen in atherosclerotic lesions throughout the arterial tree, and culturing of the organism from atheromatous tissue provide compelling evidence for an association of C. pneumoniae with atherosclerosis [1]. However, these findings do not establish causality, which can only be proven through the use of animal models or intervention studies. This chapter will focus on animal models of C. pneumoniae and their use in studying pathogenesis, intervention strategies for eradication of acute and chronic infection, and putative roles of C. pneumoniae infection on atherogenesis. The recent establishment of mouse and rabbit models of C. pneumoniae infection that also are well-defined experimental models of atherosclerosis has provided the opportunity to address the hypothesis that C. pneumoniae infection affects the onset, severity, or progression of atherosclerosis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Grayston JT, Kuo C-C, Campbell LA, Wang S-P, Jackson L (1997) Chlamydia pneumoniae and cardiovascular disease. Cardiologia 42: 1145–1151

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Yang Z-P, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT (1993) A mouse model of Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR pneumonitis. Infect Immun 61: 2037–2040

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kaukoranta-Tolvanen SS, Laurila AL, Saikku P, Leinonen M, Liesirova L, Laitinen K (1993) Experimental infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in mice. Microb Pathog 15: 293–302

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Yang Z-P, Cummings PK, Patton DL, Kuo C-C (1995) Ultrastructural lung pathology of experimental Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonitis in mice. J Infect Dis 171: 736–738

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Moazed TC, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT, Campbell LA (1996) An experimental rabbit model of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. Am J Pathol 148: 667–676

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bell TA, Kuo C-C, Wang S-P, Grayston JT (1989) Experimental infection of baboons (Papio cynocephalus anubis) with Chlamydia pneumoniae strain “TWAR.” J Infect 29: 47–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Holland SM, Taylor HR, Gaydos CA, Kappus EW, Quinn TC (1990) Experimental infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae in nonhuman primates. Infect Immun 58: 593–597

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Moazed TC, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT, Campbell LA (1997) Murine models of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis. J Infect Dis 175: 883–890

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Malinverni R, Kuo C-C, Campbell LA, Grayston JT (1995) Reactivation of Chlamydia pneumoniae lung infection in mice by cortisone. J Infect Dis 172: 593–594

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Yang Z-P, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT (1995) Systemic dissemination of Chlamydia pneumoniae following intranasal inoculation in mice. J Infect Dis 171: 736–738

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Moazed TC, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT, Campbell LA (1998) Systemic dissemination of C. pneumoniae infection via macrophages. J Infect Dis 177: 1322–1325

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jackson LA, Campbell LA, Schmidt RA, Kuo C-C, Cappuccio AL, Grayston JT (1997) Specificity of detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular tissues: evaluation of the innocent bystander hypothesis. Am J Pathol 150: 1785–1790

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Boman J, Söderberg S, Forsberg J, Birgander LS, Allard A, Persson K, Jidell E, Kumlin U, Juto P, Waldenström A, Wadell G (1998) High prevalence of Chlamydia pneumoniae DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with cardiovascular disease in middle-aged blood donors. J Infect Dis 178: 274–277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Moazed TC, Campbell LA, Rosenfeld ME, Grayston JT, Kuo C-C (1998) Chlamydia pneumoniae infection accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice. In: Stephens RS, Byrne GI, Christiansen G, Clark I, Grayston JT, Hatch T, Ridgeway G, Saikku P, Schachter J, Stamm WE (eds) Chlamydial infections. University of California Printing Services, Berkeley, pp 426–429

    Google Scholar 

  15. Piedrahita JA, Zhang SH, Hagaman JR, Oliver PM, Maeda N (1992) Generation of mice carrying a mutant apolipoprotein E gene inactivated by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 189: 4471–4475

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Reddick RL, Zhang SH, Maeda N (1994) Atherosclerosis in mice lacking Apo E. Evaluation of lesional development and progression. Atheroscler Thromb 14: 141–147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Nakashima Y, Plump AS, Raines EW, Breslow JL, Ross R (1994) ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis. Atheroscler Thromb 14: 133–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Grönhagen-Riska C, Saikku P, Riska H, Froseth B, Grayston JT (1988) Antibodies to TWAR-a novel type of Chlamydia — in sarcoidosis. In: Grassi C, Rizzato G, Pozzi E (eds) Sarcoidosis and other granulomatous disorders. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp 297–301

    Google Scholar 

  19. Danesh J, Collins R, Peto R (1997) Chronic infections and coronary heart disease: is there a link? Lancet 350: 430–436

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fong IW, Chiu B, Viira E, Fong MW, Jang D, Mahony J (1997) Rabbit model for Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. J Clin Microbiol 35: 48–52

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Laitinen K, Laurila A, Pyhala L, Leinonen M, Saikku P (1997) Chlamydia pneumoniaeinfection induces inflammatory changes in the aortas of rabbits. Infect Immun 65: 4832–4835

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Muhlestein JB, Anderson JL, Hammond EH, Zhao L, Trehan S, Schwobe EP, Carlquist JF (1998) Infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae accelerates the development of atherosclerosis and treatment with azithromycin prevents it in a rabbit model. Circulation 97: 633–636

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Laitinen K, Laurila AL, Leinonen M, Saikku P (1996) Reactivation of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in mice by cortisone treatment. Infect Immun 64: 1488–1490

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Malinverni R, Kuo C-C, Campbell LA, Lee A, Grayston JT (1995) Chlamydia pneumoniae (TWAR) pneumonitis: effect of two antibiotic regimens on the course and persistence of infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39: 45–49

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Masson MD, Toseland CDN, Beale AS (1995) Relevance of Chlamydia pneumoniaemurine pneumonitis model to evaluation of antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39: 1959–1964

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Campbell LA, Moazed TC, Kuo C-C, Grayston JT (1997) Preclinical models for Chlamydia pneumoniae and cardiovascular disease-hypercholesterolemic mice. Presented at Hoechst Marion Roussel. Roundtable on new concepts in the role of intracellular pathogens in chronic diseases. Sydney, Australia, July 2, 1997

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Campbell, L.A., Kuo, CC. (1999). Chlamydia pneumoniae and Atherosclerosis: Animal Models. In: Allegra, L., Blasi, F. (eds) Chlamydia pneumoniae. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2280-5_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2280-5_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0047-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2280-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics