Skip to main content

Critical Neurologic Dysfunctions: Status Epilepticus and Guillain-Barré Syndrome

  • Conference paper
Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine - A.P.I.C.E.
  • 222 Accesses

Abstract

What is the definition of neurocritical care? Daniel F. Hanley from the Johns Hopkins University stated on this point: “Three important aspects of the word critical are time, physiology, and outcome” [1]. The role of time is strictly connected with the progression of the nervous system dysfunction, and with the observation that early treatment of some disorders limits the morbidity and mortality. Concerning the second word of the Hanley’s definition, it is well known that monitoring of key physiologic variables is essential in critical care. What is necessary to define is the physiologic parameters we have to follow for each type of disorder. Finally the outcome, that is the precise definition of the consequences of a given disease by sex, age, type of insult and so on.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Daniel F Hanley (1993) Neurocritical care for coma, intracranial pressure, head injury, and neoplasia. Commentary. Curr Opin Neurol 6: 829–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Hauser WA (1990) Status epilepticus: epidemiologic considerations. Neurology 40[Suppl 2]: 9–13

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. DeLorenzo RJ, Pellock JM, Towne AR et al (1995) Epidemiology of status epilepticus. J Clin Neurophysiol 12: 316–325

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Rabinowicz AL, Correale J, Bracht K et al (1995) Neuron-specific enolase is increased after nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia 36: 475–479

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. DeGiorgio CM, Correale JD, Rabinowicz AL et al (1996) Neuron-specific enolase, a marker of acute neuronal injury is elevated in complex partial status epilepticus. Epilepsia 37: 606–609

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cranford RE, Leppik IE, Patrick B et al (1979) Intravenous phenytoin in acute treatment of seizures. Neurology 29: 1474–1479

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Towne AR, Pellock JM, Daljin K et al (1994) Determinants of mortality in status epilepticus. Epilepsia 35(1): 27–34

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Young GB, Jordan KG, Doig GS (1996) An assessment of nonconvulsive seizures in the intensive care unit using continuous EEG monitoring: An investigation of variables associated with mortality. Neurology 47: 83–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY (1991) Response of overt versus subtle generalized convulsive status epilepticus to intravenous anticonvulsant therapy. (Abstract) Epilepsia 32 [Suppl]37: 93

    Google Scholar 

  10. Jordan KG, Young GB, Doig GS (1995) Delays in emergency department (ED) diagnosis and treatment of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). (Abstract) Neurology 45[Suppl 4]: A346

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK (1993) Status epilepticus at an urban public hospital in the 1980s. Neurology 43: 483–488

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Beghi E, Kurland LT, Mulder DW et al (1985) Guillain-Barré syndrome: Clinicoepidemiologic features and effect on influenza vaccine. Arch Neurol 27: 1053–1057

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Johnson DE (1982) Guillain-Barré syndrome in the US Army. Arch Neurol 39: 21–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kennedy RH, Danielson MA, Mulder DW et al (1978) Guillain-Barré syndrome: A 42-year epidemiologic and clinical study. Mayo Clin Proc 53: 93–98

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ropper AH, Wijdicks EFM, Truax BT (1991) Guillain-Barré syndrome. FA Davis, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hartung H-P, Pollard JD, Harvey GK et al (1995) Immunopathogenesis and treatment of the Guillain-Barré syndrome-part I and II. Muscle Nerve 18: 137–164

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Rees JH, Soudain S, Gregson NA (1995) Campylobacter jejuni infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 333: 1374–1379

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Griffin JW, Ho TW-H (1993) The Guillain-Barré syndrome at 75: the Campylobacter connection. Ann Neurol 34: 125–127

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Hafer-Macko C, Hsieh S-T, Li CY et al (1996) Acute motor axonal neuropathy: an antibody mediated attack on axolemma. Ann Neurol 40: 635–644

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yuki NT, Taki F, Inagaki T et al (1993) A bacterium lipopolysaccharide that elicits Guillain-Barré syndrome has a GM1 ganglioside-like structure. J Exp Med 178: 1771–1775

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Arnason BGW, Soliven B (1993) Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. In: Dyck PJ, Thomas PK, Griffin JW et al (eds) Peripheral neuropathy, 3th edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, p 1437

    Google Scholar 

  22. Saida K (1996) The immunopathology of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Curr Opin Neurol 9: 329–333

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Truax BT (1984) Autonomic disturbances in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurology 4: 462–466

    Google Scholar 

  24. Harati Y, Low PA (1990) Autonomic peripheral neuropathies: Diagnosis and clinical presentation. In: Appel SH (ed) Current Neurology. Year Book Medical Publishers, p 105

    Google Scholar 

  25. Loffel NB, Rossi LN, Mumenthaler M et al (1977) The Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome: Complications, prognosis, and natural history in 123 cases. J Neurol Sci 33: 71–79

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. McKhann GM, Griffin JW, Cornblath DR et al (1988) The Guillain-Barré Syndrome Study Group: Plasmapheresis and Guillain-Barré syndrome: Analysis of prognostic factors and the effect of plasmapheresis. Ann Neurol 23: 347–353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. French Cooperative Group on Plasma Exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome (1987) Efficiency of plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome: Role of replacement fluids. Ann Neurol 22: 753–761

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Osterman PO, Fagius J, Lundemo G et al (1984) Beneficial effects of plasma exchange in acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy. Lancet 2: 1296–1299

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. van der Meché FGA, Schmitz PIM, The Dutch Guillain-Barré Study Group (1992) A randomized trial comparing intravenous immune globulin and plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 326: 1123–1129

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

About this paper

Cite this paper

Savettieri, G. (1998). Critical Neurologic Dysfunctions: Status Epilepticus and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine - A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2278-2_47

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2278-2_47

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0007-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2278-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics