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Gas-exchange in mechanically ventilated patients

  • Chapter
Basics of Respiratory Mechanics and Artificial Ventilation

Part of the book series: Topics in Anaesthesia and Critical Care ((TIACC))

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Abstract

Adequate management of patients with respiratory failure requires proper assessment of pulmonary gas exchange. Partial pressures of arterial blood gases (PaO2 and PaCO2) and pH are the directly measurable variables used by most clinicians for this purpose. Although arterial blood gases have become increasingly easy to obtain in both intensive care and medical care settings, often the interpretation of the pathophysiologic determinants of abnormal PaO2 and/or PaCO2 in the clinical arena is not straightforward. This is because arterial blood gases reflect not only the functional conditions of the lung as a gas exchanger, thereby their intrapulmonary determinants (i.e. ventilation-perfusion heterogeneities, intrapulmonary shunt and alveolar to end-capillary diffusion limitation for oxygen), but also the conditions under which the lung operates, namely the composition of inspired gas and mixed venous blood (i.e. extrapulmonary factors) [1–6].

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  1. J. Roca
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

    J. Milic-Emili MD

  2. Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Therapy, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, Italy

    U. Lucangelo MD

  3. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, New S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy

    A. Pesenti MD

  4. Department of Biophysic “Carlos Chagas Filho” Laboratory of Respiratory Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    W. A. Zin MD

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© 1999 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

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Roca, J. (1999). Gas-exchange in mechanically ventilated patients. In: Milic-Emili, J., Lucangelo, U., Pesenti, A., Zin, W.A. (eds) Basics of Respiratory Mechanics and Artificial Ventilation. Topics in Anaesthesia and Critical Care. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2273-7_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2273-7_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0046-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2273-7

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