Skip to main content
  • 166 Accesses

Abstract

In 1974, just over 20 years ago, Teasdale and Jennett published a paper in the Lancet, “Assessment of Coma and Impaired Consciousness. A Practical Scale” that has become one of the most widely cited papers in the neurological literature (1). Twenty years on, what is the status of the Glasgow Coma Scale today? The purpose of this brief review is to try to answer this question.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Teasdale G, Jennett B (1974) Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness: a practical scale. Lancet 2:81–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Tesdale G, Knill-Jones R, Van der Sande J (1978) Observer variability in assessing impaired consciousness and coma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 41:603–610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jennett B, Tesadale G, Galbraith S, Pickard J, Grant H, Brackman R, Vezaat C, Maas A, Minderhoud J, Vecht CJ, Heiden J, Small R, Caton W, Kurze T (1977) Severe head injuries in 3 countries. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 40:291–298

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Langfitt TW (1978) Measuring the outcome from head injuries. J Neurosurg 48:673–678

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Miller JD, Butterworth JF, Gudeman SK, Faulkner JE, Choi SC, Selhorst JB, Harbison JW, Lutz H, Young HF, Becker DP (1981) Further experience in the management of severe head injury. J Neurosurg 54:289–299

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bowers SA, Marshall, LF (1980) Outcome in 200 consecutive cases of severe head injury treated in San Diego County; a prospective analysis. Neurosurgery 6:237–242

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Foulkes MA, Eisenberg HM, Jane JA, Marmarou A, Marshall LF and the Traumatic Coma Data Bank Research Group (1991) The Traumatic Coma Data Bank: design, methods and baseline characteristics. J Neurosurg 75 [Suppl]:S8-S 13

    Google Scholar 

  8. Marshall LF, Gauteille T, Klauber MR, Eisenberg HM, Jane JA, Luerssen TG, Marmarou A, Foulkes MA (1991) The outcome of severe closed head injury. J Neurosurg 75 [Suppl]: S28-S36

    Google Scholar 

  9. Drake CD, Hunt WE, Sano K (1988) Report of Worid Federation of Neurological Surgeons Committee on a universal subarachnoid haemorrhage grading scale. J Neurosurg 68:985–986

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bom JD, Albert A, Hans P, Bonnal J (1985) Relative prognostic value of best motor response and brain stem reflexes in patients with severe head injury. Neurosurgery 16:595–601

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Starmark JE, Stalhammar D, Holmgren E (1988) The Reaction Level Scale (RLS 85): Manual and Guidelines. Acta Neurochir 91:12–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Starmark JE, Stalhammar D, Holmgren E, Rosander B (1986) A comparison of the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Reaction Level Scale (RLS 85). J Neurosurg 69:699–706

    Google Scholar 

  13. Johnstone AJ, Lohlun JC, Miller JD, Mcintosh CA, Gregori A, Brown R, Jones PA, Anderson SI, Tocher JL (1993) A comparison of the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Swedish Reaction Level Scale. Brain Injury 7:5–1-506

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Teasdale G, Jennett B (1976) Assessment and prognosis of coma after head injury. Acta Neurochir 34:45–55

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Teasdale G, Jennett B, Murray L, Murray G (1983) The Glasgow Coma Scale: to sum or not to sum. Lancet 2:678

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Miller JD, Jones PA (1985) The work of a regional head injury unit. Lancet 1:1141–1144

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Stablein DM, Miller JD, Choi SC, Becker DP (1980) Statistical methods for determining prognosis in severe head injury. Neurosurgery 6:243–248

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Jennett B, Teasdale G, Brackman R, Minderhoud J, Knill-Jones R (1976) Predicting outcome in individual patients after severe head injury. Lancet 1:1031–1034

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Barlow P, Teasdale G (1986) Prediction of outcome in the management of severe head injuries: the attitudes of neurosurgeons. Neurosurgery 19:989–991

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Murray LS, Teasdale GM, Murray GD, Jennett B, Miller JD, Pickard JD, Shaw MDM, Achilles J, Bailey S, Jones P, Kelly D, Lacey J (1993) Does prediction of outcome alter patients management? Lancet 351:1487–1491

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nissen JJ, Jones PA, Signorini DF, Miller JD Assessment of the Glasgow Head Injury Outcome Prediction Programme. (Submitted)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Miller, J.D. (1996). The Glasgow Coma Scale After 20 Years. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2203-4_53

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2203-4_53

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75014-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2203-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics