Abstract
The reduction of trauma morbidity and mortality is one of the priorities of all health services around the world. In the USA injuries cause the loss of more years of life than do cancer and heart disease combined and the total injury-related costs are higher than the costs of any other disease process (1). Two of the most effective ways of combating this public health problem are prevention and the establishment of a trauma system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Trunkey DD, Blaisdell WF (1988) Epidemiology of trauma. In: Wilmore WD (ed) Care of the surgical patients. Sci Am 6:1–7
Cales RH (1984) Trauma mortality in Orange County: the effect of implementation of a regional trauma system. Ann Emerg Med 13:15–23
Sampalis JS, Lavoie A, Williams JI et al (1993) Impact of on-site care, prehospital time and level of in-hospital care on survival in severely injured patients. J Trauma 34:(2) 256–261
Demetriades D, Belzberg H, Asensio J et al (1995) The impact of a dedicated trauma program on outcome in severely injured patients. Arch Surg 130:216–220
Daly KE, Thomas PR (1992) Trauma deaths in the South West Thames region. Injury 23(6): 393–396
Gorman DF, Teanby DN, Sinha MP et al (1995) The epidemiology of major injuries in Mersey region and North Wales. Injury 26(l):51–54
Delooz HH (1991) Organization and implementation of emergency services in the treatment of major trauma. J Neurotrauma 8 [Suppl 1]:S1-S6
Nardi G, Massarutti D, Muzzi R et al (1994) Impact of emergency medical hehcopter service on mortality for trauma in North-East Italy. A regional prospective audit. Eur J Emerg Med (l):69–77
Lerer LB, Knottenbelt JD (1994) Preventable mortality following sharp penetrating chest trauma. J Trauma 37 (1):6–12
Buckman RF, Badellino MM, Mauro LH et al (1993) Penetrating cardiac wounds: prospective study of factors influencing initial resuscitation. J Trauma 34 (5):717–725
Schmidt U, Frame SB, Nerlich M et al (1992) On-scene helicopter transport of patients with multiple injuries-comparison of a German and an American system. J Trauma 33:4(548–553)
Spaite Dw, Tse DJ, Valenzuela TD et al (1991) The impact of injury severity and prehospital procedures on scene time in victims of major trauma. Ann Emerg Med 20(12): 1299–1305
National Safety Council (1986) Accident facts. Chicago, Ilhnois
McNicholl BP (1994) The golden hour and prehospital trauma care. Injury 25:251–254
Champion RH, Sacco W (1991) Triage of trauma victims. In: Trunkey D, Lewis F (eds) Current therapy of trauma. Lewitt, Philadelphia, pp 97–103
Oswalt JL, Hedges JR, Soifer BE (1992) Analysis of trauma intubations AM. J Emerg Med 10(6):(511–514)
Vilke GM, Hoyt DB, Epperson M et al (1994) Intubation techniques in the helicopter. J Emerg Med 12(2):217–224
The American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma Advanced Trauma Life Support program for Physicians (1993) Instructor manual. Chicago
Criswell JC, Parr MJA (1994) Emergency airway management in patients with cervical spine injuries. Anaesthesia 49:900–903
Nardi G, Massarutti D, Giordano F et al (1994) Interhospital transport for severe trauma patients. Mutz NJ, Koller W, Benzer H (eds) Proceeding of the European Congress on Intensive Care Medicine. Monduzzi, Bologna, pp 631–639
Kaweski SM, Sise MJ, Virgiho RW (1990) The effect of prehospital fluids on survival in trauma patients. J Trauma 30:1215–1218
Smith JP, Boday BI, Hill AS et al (1985) Prehospital stabilization of critically injured patients: a failed concept. J Trauma 25:65–68
Bickell WH, Wall MJ, Pepe PE (1994) Immediate versus delayed fluid resuscitation for hypotensive patients with penetrating torso injuries. N Engl J Med 331:1105–1109
Stern SA, Dronen SC, Birren P (1993) Effect of blood pressure on hemorrhage, volume and survival in a near-fatal hemorrhage model incorporating a vascular injury. Ann Emerg Med 22:155–163
Schwab CW (1993) Violence: America’s uncivil war-presidential address. Sixth scientific assembly of the eastern association for the surgery of trauma. J Trauma 35:657–665
Chestnut RM, Marshall LF, Klauber MR (1992) The role of secondary brain injury in determining outcome from severe head injury. J Trauma 34:216–222
Scalea TM, Maltz S, Yelon J et al (1994) Resuscitation of multiple trauma and head injury: role of crystalloid fluids and inotropes. Crit Care Med 22:1610–1615
American College of Surgeons (1988) Traumatic shock. Adv Trauma Life Support 125–130
Krausz MM (1995) Controversies in shock research: hypertonic resuscitation. Pros and Cons. Shock 3:69–72
Mattox KL, Maningas PA, Moore EE et al (1991) Prehospital hypertonic saline/dextran infusion for post-traumatic hypotension. The USA multicenter Trial. Ann Surg 213(5): 482–491
Vassar MJ, Perry CA, Holcroft JW (1993) Prehospital resuscitation of hypotensive trauma patients with 7.5% NaCl with added dextran: a controlled trial. J Trauma 34(5):622–632
Pitera R, Hershman Z, Cardoso R et al (1994) The potential for venous air embolism from one liter crystalloids bags. Crit Care Med 22:1(A21)
Nardi G, Di Silvestre A, Peressutti R et al (1995) II trauma vertebro midollare: strategia e rischi delle manovre di estrinsecazione. In: L’emergenza sanitaria in Italia. Peris A (ed). Signa, pp 97–108
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nardi, G., De Monte, A. (1996). Prehospital Care for Severe Trauma Patients: What Do We Mean by ALS?. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2203-4_46
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2203-4_46
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75014-7
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2203-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive