Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiology

  • Chapter
Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infection

Abstract

Chlamydia pneumoniae has recently been recognized as a relevant cause of respiratory tract infections [1, 2]. It has been classified as a third species of Chlamydia genus by means of ultrastructural and DNA homology analysis [3].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Thom DH, Grayston JT (1991) Infections with Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR. Clin Chest Med 12: 245–256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Marrie TJ (1993) Chlamydia pneumoniae. Thorax 48:1–4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Grayston JT, Kuo CC, Campbell LA, Wang SP (1989) Chlamydia pneumoniae sp. nov. for Chlamydia sp. strain TWAR. Int J Sys Bacteriol 39: 88–90

    Google Scholar 

  4. Grayston JT, Campbell LA, Kuo CC, Mordhorst CH, Saikku P, Thom DH, Wang SP (1990) A new respiratory tract pathogen: Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR. J Infect Dis 161: 618–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Beaty CD, Grayston JT, Wang SP, Kuo CC, Reto CS, Martin TR (1991) Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR infection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 144: 1408–1410

    Google Scholar 

  6. Blasi F, Legnani D, Lombardo VM et al (1993) Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in acute-20 R. Cosentini et al. exacerbations of COPD. Eur Respir J 6: 19–22

    Google Scholar 

  7. Saikku P (1992) The epidemiology and significance of Chlamydia pneumoniae. J Infect 25: 27–34

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kleemola M, Saikku P, Visakorpi R, Wang SP, Grayston JT (1988) Epidemics of pneumonia caused by TWAR, a new Chlamydia organism, in military trainees in Finland. J Infect Dis 157: 230–236

    Google Scholar 

  9. Marrie TJ, Grayston JT, Wang SP, Kuo CC (1987) Pneumonia associated with TWAR strain of chlamydia. Ann Intern Med 106: 507–511

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Blasi F, Cosentini R, Clerici Shoeller M, Lupo A, Allegra L (1993) Chlamydia pneumoniae seroprevalence in immunocompetent and immunocompromised populations in Milan. Thorax 48: 1261–1263

    Google Scholar 

  11. Saikku P, Ruutu P, Leinonen M, Panelius J, Tupasi TE, Grayston JT (1988) Acute lowerrespiratory-tract infection associated with Chlamydia TWAR antibody in Filipino children. J Infect Dis 158: 1095–1907

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Augenbraun MH, Roblin MR, Chirwing K, Landman D, Hammerschlag MR (1991) Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae from lungs of patients infected with the human immonodeficiency virus. J Clin Microbiol 29: 401–402

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Clark R, Mushatt D, Fazal B (1991) Case Report: Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in an HIV- infected man. Am J Med Sci 302 (3): 155–156

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gaydos CA, Flower CL, Gill VJ, Eiden JJ, Quinn TC (1993) Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoessay in an immunocompromised population. Clin Infect Dis 17: 718–723

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pether JVS, Wang SP, Grayston JT (1989) Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR as the cause of an outbreak in a boys’ school previously called psittacosis. Epidemiol Infect 103: 395–400

    Google Scholar 

  16. Yamazaki T, Nakada H, Sakurai N, Kuo CC, Wang SP, Grayston JT (1990) Transmission of Chlamydia pneumoniae in young children in a Japanese family. J Infect Dis 162: 13901392

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mordhorst CH, Wang SP, Grayston JT (1992) Outbreak of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in four farm families. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 11: 617–620

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Aldous MB, Grayston JT, Wang SP (1992) Seroepidemiology of Chlamydia pneumoniae TWAR infection in Seattle families, 1966–1979. J Infect Dis 166: 646–649

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Blasi F, Cosentini R, Denti F, Allegra L (1994) Two family outbreaks of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. Eur Respir J 7: 102–104

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Hahn DL, Dodge RW, Golubjatnikov R (1991) Association of Chlamydia pneumoniae (strain TWAR) infection with wheezing, asthmatic bronchitis, and adult-onset asthma. JAMA 266: 225–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bruu AL, Haukenes G, AAsen S, Grayston JT, Wang SP, Klausen OG, Myrmel H, Hasseltvedt V (1991) Chlamydia pneumoniae infections in Norway 1981–87 earlier diagnosed as ornithosis. Scand J Infect Dis 23: 299–304

    Google Scholar 

  22. Haidl S, Ivarsson S, Bjerre I, Persson K (1992) Guillain-Barré syndrome after Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. N Engl J Med 326: 576–577

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Marrie TJ, Harczy M, Mann OE (1990) Culture-negative endocarditis probably due to Chlamydia pneumoniae. J Infect Dis 161: 127–129

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Groenhagen-Riska C, Saikku P, Riska H (1988) Antibodies to TWAR- a novel type of Chlamydia in sarcoidosis. In: Grassi C, Rizzato G, Pozzi E (eds) Sarcoidosis and granulo-matous disorders. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 297–301

    Google Scholar 

  25. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Mattila K, Ekman MR, Nieminen MS, Makela PH, Huttunen JK, Valtonen V (1988) Serological evidence of an association of a novel Chlamydia, TWAR, with coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 11: 983–986

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Saikku P, Leinonen M, Tenkanen L, Linnanmaki E, Ekman MR, Manninen V, Manttari M, Frick MH, Huttunen JK (1992) Chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in the Helsinki Heart Study. Ann Intern Med 116: 273–278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shor A, Kuo CC, Patton DL (1992) Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in coronary arterial fatty-streaks and atheromatous plaques. S Afr Med J 82: 158–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Thom DH, Grayston JT, Siskovick DS, Wang SP, Weiss NS, Daling JR (1992) Association of prior infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae and angiographically demonstrated coronary artery disease. JAMA 268: 68–72

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Linnanmaki E, Leinonen M, Mattila K, Nieminen MS, Valtonen V, Saikku P (1993) Specific circulating immune complexes in patients with chronic coronary heart diseases. Circulation 87: 1130–1134

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Grayston JT (1992) Infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae strain TWAR. Clin Infect Dis 15: 757–763

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Saikku P (1991) Problems in diagnosis of chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infections. In Vaheri A, Tilton RC, Balows A (eds) Rapid methods and automation in miscrobiology and immunology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 309–313

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Blasi F, Boschini A, Cosentini R, Legnani D, Smacchia C, Ghira C, Allegra L (in press) Outbreak of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in an ex injection-drug users community. Chest

    Google Scholar 

  33. Saikku P, Wang SP, Kleemola M, Brander E, Rusanen E, Grayston JT (1985) An epidemic of mild pneumonia due to an unusual Chlamydia psittaci strain. J Infect Dis 151: 832–839

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Wang SP, Grayston JT (1986) Microimmunofluorescence serological studies with TWAR organism. In: Oriel JD, Ridgway G, Schachter J, Taylor-Robinson D, Ward M (eds) Chlamydial infections. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 329–332

    Google Scholar 

  35. Fang GD, Fine M, Orloff J, Arisumi D et al (1990) New and emerging etiologies for community-acquired pneumonia with implications for therapy. Medicine 69: 307–316

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Blasi F, Cosentini R, Legnani D, Denti F, Allegra L (1993) Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae in Italian patients. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 12: 696–699

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Huovinen P, Lahtonen R, Ziegler T, Meurman O et al (1989) Pharyngitis in adults: the presence and the coexistence of viruses and bacterial organisms. Ann Intern Med 110: 612 – 616

    Google Scholar 

  38. Ogawa H, Fujisawa T, Kazuyama Y (1990) Isolation of Chlamydia pneumoniae from middle ear aspirates of otitis media with effusion: a case report. J Infect Dis 162: 1000–1001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Girjes AA, Carrick FN, Lavin MF (1994) Remarkable sequence relatedness in the DNA encoding the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia psittaci (koala type-I) and Chlamydia pneumoniae. Gene 138 (1–2): 139–142

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Roberto Cosentini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Paolo Tarsia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Francesco Blasi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy

    Luigi Allegra M.D. (Head of the Institute of Respiratory Diseases) (Head of the Institute of Respiratory Diseases)

  2. Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, Milan, Italy

    Francesco Blasi M.D., PH.D. (Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Italia, Milano

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cosentini, R., Tarsia, P., Blasi, F. (1995). Epidemiology. In: Allegra, L., Blasi, F. (eds) Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infection. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2201-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2201-0_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75007-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2201-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation