Abstract
Cardiogenic shock remains a leading cause of early cardiac death. The mortality rate of cardiogenic shock as a complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) exceeds 80%. Large multicenter studies disclose an incidence of 5 to 15% of all instances of AMI admitted to the hospital [1–5]. Cardiogenic shock is in evidence at the time of hospital admission in only minority of patients. Approximately 90% of patients develop shock during the in hospital stay [5].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Scheidt S, Ascheim R, Killip III T (1970) Shock after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 26:556–564
Hands ME, Rutherford JD, Muller JE et al (1989) The in-hospital development of cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction: incidence of occurrence, outcome and prognostic factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 14:40–46
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS et al (1991) Cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction. Incidence and mortality from a community-wide perspective, 1975 to 1988. N Engl J Med 325:1117–1122
Garrahy PJ, Henzlova MJ, Forman S et al (1989) Has thrombolytic therapy improved survival from cardiogenic shock? Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMIII) results. Circulation 80[SupplII]:II–623
Holmes DR, Bates ER, Kleiman NS et al (1995) Contemporary reperfusion therapy for cardiogenic shock: the GUSTO-I trial experience. J Am Coll Cardiol 26:668–674
Hamm CW, Goldmann BU, Heeschen C et al (1997) Emergency room triage of patients with acute chest pain by means of rapid testing for cardiac troponin T or troponin I. N Engl J Med 337:1648–1653
Kishon Y, Oh JK, Schaff H Y et al (1992) Mitral valve operation in postinfarction rupture of a papillary muscle: immediate results and long-term follow-up of 22 patients. Mayo Clin Proc 67:1023–1030
Lemery R, Smith HC, Giuliani ER et al (1992) Prognosis in rupture of the ventricular septum after acute myocardial infarction and role of early surgical intervention. Am J Cardiol 70: 147–151
Da Luz PL, Weil MH, Shubin H (1976) Current concepts on mechanisms and treatment of cardiogenic shock. Am Heart J 92:103–113
Forrester JS, Diamond G, Chatterjee K et al (1976) Medical therapy of acute myocardial infarction by application of hemodynamic subsets. N Engl J Med 295:1356–1363
Cohn JN (1970) Monitoring techniques in shock. Am J Cardiol 26:565–569
Antman EM, Braunwald E (1997) Hemodynamic disturbances in acute myocardial infarction. Cardiogenic Shock. In: Braunwald E (ed) Heart disease. A textbook of cardiovascular medicine. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 1233–1245
Califf RM, Bengtson JR (1994) Cardiogenic shock. New Engl J Med 330:1724–1730
Gillespie TA, Ambos HD, Sobel BE et al (1977) Effects of dobutamine in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 39:588–594
Weil MH, Shubin H, Carlson R (1975) Treatment of circulatory shock. JAMA 231:1280–1286
Mueller H, Ayres SM, Gregory JJ et al (1970) Hemodynamics, coronary blood flow, and myocardial metabolism in coronary shock: Response to L-norepinephrine and isoproterenol. J Clin Invest 49:1885–1902
ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction (1996) A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol 28:1328–1428
Gacioch GM, Ellis SG, Lee L. et al (1992) Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: the use of coronary angioplasty and the integration of the new support devices into patient management. J Am Coll Cardiol 19:647–653
Joyce LD, Johnson KE, Toninato CJ et al (1989) Results of the first 100 patients who received Symbion total artificial hearts as a bridge to cardiac transplantation. Circulation 80[Suppl 3]III: 192–201
Champagnac D, Claudel JP, Chevalier P et al (1993) Primary cardiogenic shock during acute myocardial infarction: results of emergency cardiac transplantation. Eur Heart J 14:925–929
DeWood MA, Notske RN, Hensley GR et al (1980) Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation with and without reperfusion for myocardial infarction shock. Circulation 61:1105–1112
Berger P, Holmes D, Stebbins A et al (1997) Impact of an aggressive catheterization and revascularization strategy on mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock in the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue plasminogen Activator for Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-I) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 96:122–127
Page DL, Caulfield JB, Kastor JA et al (1971) Myocardial changes associated with cardiogenic shock. N Engl J Med 285:133–137
Gutovitz AL, Sobel BE, Roberts R (1978) Progressive nature of myocardial injury in selected patients with cardiogenic shock. Am J Cardiol 41:469–475
Braunwald E, Kloner RA (1982) The stunned myocardium: prolonged, postischemic ventricular dysfunction. Circulation 66:1146–1149
Prewitt RM, Gu S, Garger PJ et al (1992) Marked systemic hypotension depresses coronary thrombolysis induced by intracoronary administration of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator. J Am Coll Cardiol 20:1626–1633
Mathey D, Kuck KH, Remmecke J et al (1980) Transluminal recanalization of coronary artery thrombosis: a preliminary report of its application in cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J 1:207–212
Kennedy JW, Gensini GG, Timmis GC et al (1985) Acute myocardial infarction treated with intracoronary streptokinase: a report of the society for cardiac angiography. Am J Cardiol 55:871–877
Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell’Infarto Miocardico (GISSI) (1986) Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1:397–401
Holmes DR, Bates E, and the GUSTO investigators (1993) Cardiogenic shock during myocardial infarction. The GUSTO experience with thrombolytic therapy. Circulation 88[Suppl]:I–253 (abstract)
Hochman JS, Boland J, Sleeper LA et al (1995) Current spectrum of cardiogenic shock and effect of early revascularization on mortality. Circulation 91:873–881
O’Neill WW (1992) Angioplasty therapy of cardiogenic shock: are randomized trials necessary? J Am Coll Cardiol 19:915–917
Moosvi AR, Khaja F, Villanueva L et al (1992) Early revascularization improves survival in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 19:907–914
Lee L, Erbel R, Brown TM et al (1991) Multicenter registry of angioplasty therapy of cardiogenic shock: initial and long-term survival. J Am Coll Cardiol 17:599–603
Hibbard MD, Holmes DR, Bailey KR et al (1992) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with cardiogenic shock. J Am Coll Cardiol 19:639–646
Lee L, Bates ER, Pitt B et al (1988) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty improves survival in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. Circulation 78:1345–1351
Webb JG, Carere R, Hilton JD et al (1997) Usefulness of coronary stenting in cardiogenic shock. Am J Cardiol 79:81–84
Kirklin JK, Akins CW, Blackstone EH et al (1991) Guidelines and indications for coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Assessment of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiovascular Procedures (Subcommittee on Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery). J Am Coll Cardiol 91: 2335–2344
O’Connor GT, Plume SK, Olmstead EM et al (1992) Multivariate prediction of in-hospital mortality associated with coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Circulation 85:2110–2118
Sergeant P, Blackstone E, Meyns B (1997) Early and late outcome after CABG in patients with evolving myocardial infarction. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 11:848–856
Lee JH, Murrell HK, Strony J et al (1997) Risk analysis of coronary bypass surgery after acute myocardial infarction. Surgery 122:675–680
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this paper
Cite this paper
Marn Pernat, A., Weil, M.H., Pernat, A. (1999). Management of Shock Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction. In: Gullo, A. (eds) Anaesthesia, Pain, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E.. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2145-7_54
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2145-7_54
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0051-3
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-2145-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive