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Impulsività e aggressività

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Valutazione e gestione della violenza

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Riassunto

L’aggressività è un fenomeno assai complesso. È influenzato da molti fattori (ad esempio: dalla cultura, dall’ambiente, dalla biologia, dalla psicologia, dalla neurochimica) che forgiano il modo in cui è percepita ed espressa. L’aggressività può essere inquadrata come una proprietà adattativa utile all’auto-preservazione, alla protezione della prole o alla difesa del territorio. Si pensa che aiuti gli adolescenti a sviluppare la propria autonomia, un’identità indipendente e padronanza sul proprio ambiente (Rome e Itskowitz, 1990). I modelli animali ci portano a pensare al comportamento aggressivo come ad una strategia di gestione dello stress (Williams e Eichelman, 1971). Alternativamente, l’aggressività può produrre comportamenti distruttivi che sono diretti contro gli altri (violenza fisica o verbale) o contro se stessi (autolesionismo, suicidio). Cioè può anche manifestarsi in forme che non siano giustificabili evolutivamente in senso utilitaristico.

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Wakai, S.T., Trestman, R.L. (2014). Impulsività e aggressività. In: Valutazione e gestione della violenza. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1738-2_11

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