Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Combined cardiac and renal dysfunction amplifies disease progression in both organs and increases the incidence of morbidity and mortality it these patients. This clinical condition is defined as cardiorenal syndrome, which was recently classified into five subtypes defined according to pathophysiology, time frame, and nature of coexisting cardiac and renal dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for CVD on a scale similar to that of traditional risk factors. The sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin system, both of which can be activated in CKD patients, are two major cardiovascular connectors contributing to cardiac and renal functional derangement and structural damage of the cardiorenal syndrome and thus are significant contributors to the pathogenesis of CVD morbility and mortality.
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Stella, A., Castoldi, G. (2010). Role of Neurohormonal Activation in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Berbari, A.E., Mancia, G. (eds) Cardiorenal Syndrome. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1463-3_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1463-3_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
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