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Il bambino malato, così come il bambino sano, deve essere alimentato in modo da soddisfare i suoi fabbisogni in termini di energia e nutrienti. La quantità e la qualità degli alimenti assunti influenzano la costituzione e le funzioni del suo organismo. Per una corretta alimentazione è necessario che l’assunzione di alimenti avvenga nel pieno rispetto delle funzioni dell’organismo e che non provochi squilibri eccessivi nell’omeostasi individuale. La determinazione qualitativa e quantitativa del supporto nutrizionale ha come punto di partenza l’identificazione dei fabbisogni del singolo soggetto in condizioni normali, e valuta le modificazioni necessarie per tenere conto delle particolari condizioni cliniche in grado di modificare la tolleranza ai vari substrati. Al fine di non incorrere in sovra o sottostime, il calcolo dei fabbisogni deve riferirsi al peso reale del paziente, considerando il peso ideale solo nei casi che si discostano nettamente dalla normalità.

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Savino, F., Palumeri, E. (2009). Fabbisogni. In: Nutrizione parenterale in pediatria. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1380-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1380-3_1

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