Female Reproductive System: Normal Radiologic Anatomy

Abstract

Hysterosalpingography is the reference radiologic technique for evaluation of the patency of the uterine tubes. It also enables morphologic study of the uterine cavity. It is generally performed as an outpatient procedure with no need for special preparation by the patient. Indications for the examination include infertility and recurrent miscarriage, fistulae of the genital system, congenital uterine anomalies (unicornuate, bicornuate, septate, didelphic, hypoplastic uterus), acquired uterine anomalies (submucous myomas, endometrial polyps, intracavitary synechia) and suspected alterations of the uterine tubes (proximal or distal occlusions, tuberculosis, peritubal adherences). Contraindications include metrorrhagia, acute and subacute inflammation of the pelvic cavity, allergies to contrast media, and of course pregnancy.