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Cervelletto

  • Chapter
Il sistema nervoso centrale

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Riassunto

Il cervelletto (il “piccolo cervello”) è posto nella fossa cranica posteriore. Le scissure trasverse dividono la sua superficie in strette pieghe definite folia. Il cervelletto elabora informazioni originate da numerose diverse fonti, tra cui il midollo spinale, il tronco encefalico e la cortex cerebrale, e proietta a numerosi differenti centri nel cervello coinvolti nell’adattamento posturale e nella generazione dei movimenti. Il cervelletto è rivestito dalla cortex; i nuclei cerebellari occupano una posizione centrale nella sostanza bianca cerebellare. Nella cortex si distinguono tre strati. Un monostrato formato dai pericaria delle grandi cellule di Purkinje separa lo strato molecolare, superficiale e povero di cellule, dallo strato profondo, occupato dalle cellule dei granuli. Le cellule di Purkinje costituiscono gli unici elementi efferenti della cortex cerebellare. Gli strati granulare e molecolare contengono entrambi diversi tipi di interneuroni.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Meibergdreef 47, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Rudolf Nieuwenhuys M.D., PH.D. (Professor emeritus of Neuroanatomy)

  2. Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Jan Voogd M.D., PH.D. (Professor emeritus of Anatomy)

  3. Laboratorio di Morfologia delle Reti Neuronali Responsabile Servizio Imaging - Centro Grandi Attrezzature Dipartimento di Medicina Pubblica Clinica e Preventiva, Seconda Università di Napoli, Napoli

    Michele Papa

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Nieuwenhuys, R., Voogd, J., van Huijzen, C., Papa, M. (2010). Cervelletto. In: Il sistema nervoso centrale. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1140-3_20

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