Riassunto
La parola “demenza” identifica sia la malattia che il suo sintomo principale. Le demenze sono molte, e nessuna è guaribile. Perciò tutte si propongono per tentativi di terapia basati su ipotesi patogenetiche, e si impongono per il bisogno di assistenza e di cure sintomatiche.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Fisiopatologia della demenza
American Psychiatric Association DSM-IV. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. APA, Washington DC, 1994.
Cohen FE, Kelly JW. Therapeutic approaches to proteinmisfolding diseases. Nature 2003; 426:905–909.
Esiri MM, Hyman BT, Beyreuther K, Masters CL. Ageing and dementia. In: Graham DI, Lantos PL (eds.) Greenfield’s Neuropathology (6th ed.) Arnold, London Sydney Auckland, 1997; 2:153–233.
Grabowski TJ, Damasio AR (1997) Definition, clinical features and neuroanatomical basis of dementia. In Esiri MM, Morris JH (eds) The neuropathology of dementia. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997; 1–20.
Greicius MD, Geschwind MD, Miller BL. Presenile dementia syndromes: an update on taxonomy and diagnosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 2002; 72:691–700.
Lansbury PT. Back Back to the future: the “old-fashioned” way to new medications for neurodegeneration. Nat Rev Neurosci 2004; 5: S51–S57.
Mesulam MM. Behavioral neuroanatomy. In: Mesulam MM (ed.) Principles of behavioral and cognitive neurology (2nd ed.) Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000; 1–120.
Peccarisi C. Rating scales delle demenze. Edifarm, Milano, 2003.
Shastry BS. Neurodegenerative disorders of protein aggregation. Neurochem Int 2003; 43:1–7.
Soto C. Protein misfolding and disease; protein refolding and therapy. FEBS Lett 2001; 498:204–207.
Tsuang DW, Bird T. Genetics of dementia. Med Clin North Am 2002; 86:591–614.
World Health Organization. ICD-10. Manual of the international statistical classification of diseases, injuries and causes of death. WHO, Geneva, 1992.
Demenze frontotemporali
Allain H, Bentué-Ferrer D, Tribut O et al. Drug therapy in frontotemporal dementia, Hum Psychopharmacol 2003; 18:221–225.
Bigio EH, Lipton AM, White CL et al. Frontotemporal and motor neurone degeneration with neurofilament inclusion bodies: additional evidence for overlap between FTD and ALS. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2003; 29:239–253.
Dermaut B, Kumar-Singh S, Engelborghs S et al. A novel presenilin 1 mutation associated with Pick’s disease but not beta-amyloid plaques. Ann Neurol 2004; 55:617–626.
Delacourte A, Buèe L. Normal and pathological Tau proteins as factors for microtubule assembly. Int Rev Cytol 1997; 171: 167–224.
Goedert M. Tau protein and neurodegeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2004; 5:45–49.
Grossman M. Frontotemporal dementia: a review. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2002; 8:566–583.
Jope RS. Lithium and GSK-3: one inhibitor, two inhibitory actions, multiple outcomers. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2003; 24:441–443.
Kertesz A. Pick complex: an integrative approach to frontotemporal dementia: primary progrtessive aphasia, corticobasal degeneration, and progressive supranuclear palsy. Neurologist 2003; 9:311–317.
Lau LF, Seymour PA, Sanner MA et al. Cdk5 as a drug target for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurosci 2002; 19:267–273.
Schraen-Maschke S, Dhaenens CM, Delacourte A et al. Microtubule-associated protein tau gene: a risk factor in human neurodegenerative disesases. Neurobiol Dis 2004; 5:449–460.
Tsuang DW, Bird TD. Genetics of dementia. Med Clin North Am 2002; 86:591–614.
Yancopoulou D, Spillantini MG. Tau protein in familial and sporadic diseases. Neuromolecular Med 2003; 4:37–48.
Yoshiyama Y, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ. Frontotemporal dementia and tauopathy. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2001; 1:413–421.
Encefalopatie da prioni
Bruce ME, Boyle A, Cousens S et al. Strain characterization of natural sheep scrapie and comparison with BSE. J Gen Virol 2002; 83:695–704.
Casalone C, Zanusso G, Acutis P et al. Identification of a second bovine amyloidotic spongiform encephalopathy: molecular similarities with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101:3065–3070.
Collins SJ, Lawson VA, Masters CL. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Lancet 2004; 363:51–61.
DeArmond SJ, Prusiner SB. Perspectives on prion biology, prion disease pathogenesis, and pharmacologic approach to treatment. Clin Lab 2003; Med 23:1–41.
Gambetti P, Parchi P, Chen SG. Hereditary Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and fatal familial insomnia. Clin Lab Med 2003; 23:43–64.
Ghetti B, Tagliavini F, Takao M, Bugiani O. Hereditary prion protein amyloidoses. Clin Lab Med 2003; 23:65–85.
Goldfarb LG. Kuru: the old epidemic in a new mirror. Microbes Infect 2002; 4:875–882.
Kocisko DA, Baron GS, Rubenstein R et al. New inhibitors of scrapie-associated prion protein formation in a library of 2000 drugs and natural products. J Virol 2003; 7:10288–10294.
Korth C, May BCH, Cohen FE et al. Acridine and phenotiazine derivatives as pharmacotherapeutics for prion diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98:9836–9841.
Kovács GG, Trabattoni G, Heinfellner JA et al. Mutations in the prion protein gene. Phenotypic spectrum. J Neurol 2002; 49:1567–1582.
Nakajima M, Yamada T, Kusuhara T et al. Results of quinacrine administration to patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2004; 17:158–163.
Parchi P, Giese A, Capellari S et al. Classification of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease based on molecular and phenotypic analysis of 300 subjects. Ann Neurol 1999; 46:224–233.
Priola SA. Prion protein diversity and disease in the transmissible spongiform encephalopaties. Adv Protein Chem 2001; 57:1–27.
Rossi G, Salmona M, Forloni G, Bugiani O et al. Therapeutic approaches to prion diseases. Clin Lab Med 2003; 23:187–208.
Ward HJT, Head MW, Will RG, Ironside JW. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Clin Lab Med 2003; 23:87–108.
Will RG, Zeidler M, Stewart GE et al. Diagnosis of new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Ann Neurol 2000; 47:575–582.
Williams ES. Scrapie and chronic wasting disease. Clin Lab Med 2003; 23:139–159.
Malattia di Alzheimer
Aliev G, Smith MA, Obrenovich ME et al. Role of vascular hypoperfusion-induced oxidative stress and mitochondria failure in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Neurotox Res 2003; 5:491–504.
Blass JP. Brain metabolism and brain disease: is metabolic deficiency the proximate cause of Alzheimer dementia? J Neurosci Res 2001; 66:851–856.
Conway KA, Baxter EW, Felsenstein KM et al. Emerging beta-amyloid therapies for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Pharm Des 2003; 9:427–447.
Dewachter I, Van Leuven F. Secretases as targets for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease:the prospects. Lancet Neurol 2002; 1:409–416.
Doggrell SA, Evans S. Treatment of dementia with neurotransmission modulation. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2003; 12:1633–1654.
Ehehalt R, Keller P, Haass C et al. Amyloidogenic processing of the Alzheimer beta-amyloid precursor protein depends on lipid rafts. J Cell Biol 2003; 160:113–123.
Golde TE. Alzheimer disease therapy: can the amyloid cascade be halted? J Clin Invest 2003; 111:11–18.
Golde TE, Younkin SG. Presenilins as therapeutic targets for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Trends Mol Med 2001; 7:264–269.
Hindupur K, Anandatheerthavarada HK, Biswas C, et al. Mitochondrial targeting and a novel transmembrane arrest of Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein impairs mitochondrial functions in neuronal cells. J Cell Biol 2001; 161:41–54.
Hardy J. Apolipoprotein E in the genetics and epidemiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Am J Med Genet 1995; 60:456–460.
Hardy J. Amyloid, the presenilins and Alzheimers disease. Trends Neurosci 1997; 20:154–159.
Hardy J. The relationship between amyloid and tau. J Mol Neurosci 2003; 20:203–206.
Hardy J, Selkoe DJ; The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics. Science 2002; 297:353–356.
Irizarry MC, Hyman BT. Alzheimer disease therapeutics. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2001; 60:923–928.
Jones M. Gentle care. Changing the experience of Alzheimer’s disease in a positive way. Hartley & Marks, Vancouver, 1999.
Lahiri DK, Farlow MR, Sambamurti K et al. A critical analysis of new molecular targets and strategies for drug developments in Alzheiemr’s disease. Curr Drug Targets 2003; 4:97–112.
Lancet Conference. The challenge of the dementias. Lancet 1996; 347:1303–1307.
Loeb MB, Molloy D, Smieja M et al. A randomized, controlled trial of doxycycline and rifampin for patients with Alzheimer’s disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004; 52:381–387.
Lustbader JW, Cirilli M, Lin C et al. ABAD directly links Abeta to mitochondrial toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease. Science 2004; 304:448–452.
Mayeux R, Sano M. Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:1670–1679.
Mesulam MM. Aging, Alzheimer’s disease, and dementia. In Mesulam MM (ed.) Principles of behavioral and cognitive neurology (2nd ed.) Oxford University Press, Oxford 2000; 439–522.
Michaelis ML. Drug targeting Alzheimer’s disease: some things old and some things new. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 304:897–904.
Nicoll JA, Wilkinson D, Holmes C et al. Neuropathology of human Alzheimer disease after immunization with amyloid-beta peptide: a case report. Nat Med 2003; 9:448–452.
Nussbaum RL, Ellis CE (2003) Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:1356–1364.
Perez M, Hernandez F, Lim F et al. Chronic lithium treatment decreases mutant tau protein aggregation in a transgenic mouse model. J Alzheimers Dis 2003; 5:301–308.
Pfeifer M, Boncristiano S, Bondolfi L et al. Cerebral hemorrhage after passive anti-A immunotherapy. Science 2002; 298:1379.
Phiel CJ, Wilson CA, Lee VM et al. GSK-3alpha regulates production of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta peptides. Nature 2003; 423:435–439.
Puglielli L, Tanzi RE, Kovacs DM. Alzheimer’s disease: the cholesterol connection, Nat Neurosci 2003; 6:345–351.
Rensink AA, de Waal RM, Kremer B et al. Pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 2003; 43:207–223.
Ritchie K, Kildea D. Is senile dementia age-related or ageingrelated? — evidence from a meta-analysis of dementia prevalence in the oldest old. Lancet 1995; 346:931–934.
Ritchie K, Lovestone S. The dementias. Lancet 2002; 360:1759–1766.
Rogawski MA, Wenk GL. The neuropharmacological basis for the use of memantine in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. CNS Drug Rev 2003; 9:275–308.
Scarpini E, Scheltens P, Feldman H. Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: current status and new perspectives. Lancet Neurol 2003; 2:539–547.
Schenk D. Amyloid-beta immunotherapy for Alzheimer’s disease: the end of the beginning. Nat Rev Neurosci 2002; 3:824–828.
Schutz H, Bodeker RH, Damian M et al. 1990 Age-related spontaneous intracerebral hematoma in a German community. Stroke, 21:1412–1418.
Selkoe DJ. Alzheimer’s disease: genes, proteins and therapy. Physiol Rev 2001; 81:741–766.
Selkoe DJ. Deciphering the genesis and fate of amyloid β-protein yields novel therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:1375–1381.
Selkoe DJ: Presenilin, Notch and the genesis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11039–11041.
Senior K Soluble amyloid oligomers: a common cause of neurodegeneration? Lancet Neur 2003; 2:330.
Sigurdsson E, Wisniewski T, Frangione B. A safer vaccine for Alzheimer’s disease? Neurobiol Aging 2002; 23:1001.
Simons K, Ehehalt R. Cholesterol, lipid rafts, and disease. J Clin Invest 2002; 110:597–603.
Tanzi RE, Bertram R. New frontiers in Alzheimer’s disease genetics. Neuron 2001; 32:181–184.
Walsh DM, Klyubin I, Fadeeva JV, et al. Amyloid-β oligomers: their production, toxicity and therapeutic inhibition. Biochem Soc Trans 2002; 30:552–557.
Zekry D, Duyckaerts C, Moulias R et al. Degenerative and vascular lesions of the brain have synergistic effects in dementia of the elderly. Acta Neuropathol 2002; 103:481–487.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bugiani, O., Marcon, G. (2009). Demenze degenerative primarie. In: Terapia delle malattie neurologiche. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1120-5_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1120-5_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-1119-9
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-1120-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)