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Ecology, Epidemiology and Human Health Implications of Avian Influenza Virus Infections

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Book cover Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease

Abstract

Avian influenza (Al) represents one of the greatest concerns for public health that has emerged from the animal reservoir in recent times. AI, in its highly path ogenic form (HPAI), has been known to the veterinary community since the end of the 19th century, when an Italian scientist. Edoardo Perroncito, reported what is believed to be the first documented evidence of “fowl plague” as a distinct disease. However, for over 100 years, HPAI proved to be a poultry disease of rare occurrence that, in most cases, affected an irrelevant number of birds. Generally speaking, it was either self-limiting or controlled efficiently through the application of measures aimed evadicating the infection from the affected area. At approximately the turn of the millennium, however, a sharp increase in the number of outbreaks of AI in poultry occurred. It has been calculated that the impact of AI on the poultry industry has increased 100-fold, with 23 million birds affected in the 40-year period between 1959 and 1998 and over 200 million from 1999 to 2004 (Capua and Alexander 2004).

Former Director of the EU OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, VLA Weybridge, KT15 3NB UK

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell’ Università 10, 35020, Legnaro, Padova, Italy

    Ilaria Capua DVM, PhD (Head of Virology Department, Director of OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle, Disease and Avian Influenza)

  2. OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, VLA, Weybridge, KT15 3NB, UK

    Dennis J. Alexander OBE, BTech, PhD, CBiol FIBiol, FRCPath, DSc (Former Director)

Authors
  1. Ilaria Capua DVM, PhD
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  2. Dennis J. Alexander OBE, BTech, PhD, CBiol FIBiol, FRCPath, DSc
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. OIE/FAO and National Reference Laboratory for Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Padua, Italy

    Ilaria Capua (Head, Virology Department, Director) (Head, Virology Department, Director)

  2. OIE/FAO Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Veterinary Laboratory Agencies, Weybridge, UK

    Dennis J. Alexander

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© 2009 Springer-Verlag Italia

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Capua, I., Alexander, D.J. (2009). Ecology, Epidemiology and Human Health Implications of Avian Influenza Virus Infections. In: Capua, I., Alexander, D.J. (eds) Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0826-7_1

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