Abstract
The percutaneous approach for the non-surgical treatment of intrahepatic stones was developed with flexible cholangioscopy via a T-tube sinus tract to remove retained intrahepatic stones after intraoperative choledochohepaticolithotomy through choledochotomy [1, 2]. Another route of percutaneous cholangioscopic lithotomy was established through choledochojejunostomy with subcutaneous jejunostomy after intraoperative choledochohepaticolithotomy [3]. Further development of interventional techniques and fiber optic flexible cholangioscopes enabled percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy (PTCS) via dilated sinus tract of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) (Fig. 39.1) [4–8].
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© 2008 Springer-Verlag Italia
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Nimura, Y. (2008). Treatment of Intrahepatic Lithiasis. In: Biliary Lithiasis. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0763-5_39
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0763-5_39
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0762-8
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