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Utilizzo degli ormoni placentari e fetali in diagnosi prenatale

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Medicina dell’età prenatale

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Estratto

In medicina la possibilità di poter disporre d’indicatori o markers predittivi di patologia ha permesso di mettere a punto degli screening da applicare, naturalmente, alla popolazione generale o ha consentito di mettere a punto una strategia per il controllo dello stato di benessere del prodotto del concepimento. La medicina prenatale ha stressato questa possibilità-necessità in quanto si occupa di un soggetto, il feto, che può controllare soltanto attraverso l’organismo di un intermediario rappresentato dalla futura madre. Le prime proteine che destarono l’attenzione dei ricercatori furono Formone della gravidanza (hCG) ed il lattogeno placentare umano (hPL) [1], poi successivamente a caduta sono arrivati l’alfa-fetoproteina l’unica proteina conosciuta di origine esclusivamente fetale [2, 3],un’alfa-2-macroglobulina legata alla gravidanza chiamata PAPP-A [4, 5], l’estriolo sia totale con dosaggio urinario che quello libero o non coniugato plasmatico, che rappresenta l’8-10% del totale [6]. Negli anni ’70-’80 il primo obbiettivo ehe ci si pose fu quello di monitorizzare il prodotto del concepimento nella sua crescita fisiologica, nel suo stato di benessere e nei deficit di accrescimento.

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  1. Centro di Diagnosi Prenatale Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ostetricia e Medicina della Riproduzione, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena

    Giovanni Centini, Lucia Rosignoli, Elisa Faldini, Francesco Calonaci & Felice Petraglia

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Centini, G., Rosignoli, L., Faldini, E., Calonaci, F., Petraglia, F. (2008). Utilizzo degli ormoni placentari e fetali in diagnosi prenatale. In: Medicina dell’età prenatale. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0688-1_12

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