Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

The Spina Bifida pp 185–196Cite as

Vertebral Anomalies and Spinal Malformations in Myelomeningocele

  • Chapter

  • 4396 Accesses

Abstract

Associated spinal cord anomalies and vertebral anomalies significantly affect the prognosis of children with myelomeningocoele. The problem is that vertebral anomalies will eventually lead to skeletal deformities that increase the complexity of the clinical picture. The presence of spinal cord malformations either complicate the primary surgery or lead to tethered cord in the long term. It is therefore important to evaluate these patients from this perspective and identify these associated anomalies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Oi S (1989) Malformations of the vertebrae. In: Raimondi ACM, Di Rocco C (eds) Principles of pediatric neurosurgery. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp 1–18

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tanimura T (1968) Relationship of dosage and time of administration to the teratogenic effects of thio-TEPA in mice. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 44:203–253

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Egelhoff J, Prenger EC(1997) The spine. In: Ball WS (ed) Pediatric neuroradiology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  4. Moore KL, Persaud TVN (1998) Formation of germ layers and early tissue and organ differantiation. In: Moore KL, Persaud TVN (eds) Developing human. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 63–80

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jinkins JR (2000) Atlas of neuroradiologic embryology, anatomy, and variants. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kaplan KM, Spivak JM, Bendo JA (2005) Embryology of the spine and associated congenital abnormalities. Spine J 5:564–576

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. O’Rahilly R, Benson DR (1985) The development of vertebral column. In: Bradfort DS, Hensinger RN (eds) Pediatric spine. Thieme, New York, pp 3–17

    Google Scholar 

  8. Muller F, O’Rahilly R (1987) The development of the human brain, the closure of the caudal neuropore, and the beginning of secondary neurulation at stage 12. Anat Embryol (Berl) 176:413–430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Phillips WA (1994) Sacral agenesis. In: Weinstein SL (ed) Pediatric spine: principles and practice. Raven Press, New York, pp 259–273

    Google Scholar 

  10. Castillo M, Mukherji SK (1996) Imaging of the pediatric head, neck and spine. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  11. Naidich TP, Harwood-Nash DC (1983) Spinal dysraphism. In: Newton TH (ed) Modern neuroradiology. Clavadel Press, San Anselmo, pp 299–353

    Google Scholar 

  12. Dias MS, Walker ML (1992) The embryogenesis of complex dysraphic malformations: a disorder of gastrulation? Pediatr Neurosurg 18:229–253

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Loder RT, Hernandez MJ, Lerner AL et al (2000) The induction of congenital spinal deformities in mice by maternal carbon monoxide exposure. J Pediatr Orthop 20:662–666

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. McMaster MJ, David CV (1986) Hemivertebra as a cause of scoliosis. A study of 104 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Br 68:588–595

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Tsou PM, Hodgson AR (1980) Embryogenesis and prenatal development of congenital vertebral anomalies and their classification. Clin Orthop Relat Res 152:211–231

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Marin-Padilla M (1966) Study of the vertebral column in human craniorachischisis. The significance of the notochordal alterations. Acta Anat (Basel) 63:32–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Barson AJ (1970) Spina bifida: the significance of the level and extent of the defect to the morphogenesis. Dev Med Child Neurol 12:129–144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Loder RT (2003) Congenital scoliosis and kyphosis. In: DeWald R (ed) Spinal deformities. Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, pp 684–693

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wynne-Davies R (1975) Congenital vertebral anomalies: aetiology and relationship to spina bifida cystica. J Med Genet 12:280–288

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Adams MS, Niswander JD (1968) Health of the American Indian: congenital defects. Eugen Q 15:227–234

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Carter CO, Roberts JA (1967) The risk of recurrence after two children with central-nervous-system malformations. Lancet 1:306–308

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. McMaster MJ, Ohtsuka K (1982) The natural history of congenital scoliosis. A study of two hundred and fifty-one patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 64:1128–1147

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Winter RB, Eilers VE (1968) Congenital scoliosis. A study of 234 patients treated and untreated. Part I: natural history. J Bone Joint Surg Am 50-A:1–15

    Google Scholar 

  24. Hahn YS (1995) Open myelomeningocele. Neurosurg Clin N Am 6:231–241

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Gilbert JN, Jones KL, Rorke LB et al (1986) Central nervous system anomalies associated with meningo — myelocele, hydrocephalus, and the Arnold-Chiari malformation: reappraisal of theories regarding the pathogenesis of posterior neural tube closure defects. Neurosurgery 18:559–564

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tortori-Donati P, Rossi A, Cama A (2000) Spinal dysraphism: a review of neuroradiological features with embryological correlations and proposal for a new classification. Neuroradiology 42:471–491

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Warder DE (2001) Tethered cord syndrome and occult spinal dysraphism. Neurosurg Focus 10:e1

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Tortori-Donati P, Rossi A, Biancheri R, Cama A (2005) Congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord. In: Tortori-Donati P (ed) Pediatric neuroradiology: head, neck and spine. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, pp 1551–1608

    Google Scholar 

  29. Herman JM, McLone DG, Storrs BB Dauser RC (1993) Analysis of 153 patients with myelomeningocele or spinal lipoma reoperated upon for a tethered cord. Presentation, management and outcome. Pediatr Neurosurg 19:243–249

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. McLone DG Dias MS (1991) Complications of myelo — meningocele closure. Pediatr Neurosurg 17:267–273

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Ansari S, Nejat F, Yazdani S, Dadmehr M (2007) Split cord malformation associated with myelomeningocele. J Neurosurg 107:281–285

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Iskandar BJ, McLaughlin C, Oakes WJ (2000) Split cord malformations in myelomeningocele patients. Br J Neurosurg 14:200–203

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Dias MS, Pang D (1995) Split cord malformations. Neurosurg Clin N Am 6:339–358

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Barkovich AJ (1990) Congenital anomalies of the spine. In: Barkovich AJ (ed) Pediatric neuroimaging. Raven press, New York, pp 227–269

    Google Scholar 

  35. French BN (1990) Midline fusion defects and defects of formation. In: Youmans JR (ed) Neurological surgery. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 1051–1235

    Google Scholar 

  36. Heffez DS, Aryanpur J, Hutchins GM, Freeman JM (1990) The paralysis associated with myelomeningocele: clinical and experimental data implicating a preventable spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery 26:987–992

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Pang D, Dias MS, Ahab-Barmada M (1992) Split cord malformation: Part I: A unified theory of embryogenesis for double spinal cord malformations. Neurosurgery 31:451–480

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Pang D (1992) Split cord malformation: Part II: Clinical syndrome. Neurosurgery 31:481–500

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Lemire RJ (1988) Neural tube defects. JAMA 259:558–562

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Shurtleff DB, Lemire RJ (1995) Epidemiology, etiologic factors, and prenatal diagnosis of open spinal dysraphism. Neurosurg Clin N Am 6:183–193

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Duckworth T, Sharrard WJ, Lister J, Seymour N (1968) Hemimyelocele. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl 16:69

    Google Scholar 

  42. Venes JL (1985) Surgical considerations in the initial repair of meningomyelocele and the introduction of a technical modification. Neurosurgery 17:111–113

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Chadduck WM, Roloson GJ (1993) Dermoid in the filum terminale of a newborn with myelomeningocele. Pediatr Neurosurg 19:81–83

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Bonioli E, Cama A, Bellini C et al (1983) [Importance of early diagnosis of spinal dysraphia. Dermoid cyst of the cauda equina associated with a pilonidal sinus: case report]. Minerva Pediatr 35:785–788

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Iwasaki M, Yoshida Y, Shirane R, Yoshimoto T (2000) [Spinal dermoid cyst secondary to myelo menin gocele repair: a case report]. No Shinkei Geka 28:155–160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Martinez-Lage JF, Masegosa J, Sola J, Poza M (1983) Epidermoid cyst occurring within a lumbosacral myelo — meningocele. Case report. J Neurosurg 59:1095–1097

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Martinez-Lage JF, Poza M, Sola J (1994) Dermoid and epidermoid tumors in myelomeningocele patients. Pediatr Neurosurg 20:274

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Mazzola CA, Albright AL, Sutton LN et al (2002) Dermoid inclusion cysts and early spinal cord tethering after fetal surgery for myelomeningocele. N Engl J Med 347:256–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Scott RM, Wolpert SM, Bartoshesky LE et al (1986) Dermoid tumors occurring at the site of previous myelomeningocele repair. J Neurosurg 65:779–783

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Storrs BB (1994) Are dermoid and epidermoid tumors preventable complications of myelomeningocele repair? Pediatr Neurosurg 20:160–162

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Koen JL, McLendon RE, George TM (1998) Intradural spinal teratoma: evidence for a dysembryogenic origin. Report of four cases. J Neurosurg 89:844–851

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Ozer H, Yuceer N (1999) Myelomeningocele, dermal sinus tract, split cord malformation associated with extradural teratoma in a 30-month-old girl. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 141:1123–1124

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Reid SA, Mickle JP (1985) Myelomeningocele occurring within a lumbosacral teratoma: case report. Neurosurgery 17:338–340

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Semerci CN, Bebitoglu I, Kacar A et al (2001) An unusual fetus with complete absence of thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, bilateral renal agenesis, VSD, meningomyelocele, imperforate anus, and teratoma. Clin Dysmorphol 10:57–60

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Habibi Z, Nejat F, Naeini PE, Mahjoub F (2007) Teratoma inside a myelomeningocele. J Neurosurg 106:467–471

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Tibbs PA, James HE, Rorke LB et al (1976) Midline hamartomas masquerading as meningomyeloceles or teratomas in the newborn infant. J Pediatr 89:928–933

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Bentley JF, Smith JR (1960) Developmental posterior enteric remnants and spinal malformations: the split notochord syndrome. Arch Dis Child 35:76–86

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Donnellan WA, Swenson O (1968) Benign and malignant sacrococcygeal teratomas. Surgery 64:834–846

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Marmara University Medical Center, Istanbul, Turkey

    M. MemetÖzek

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Ac?badem University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

    M. MemetÖzek

  3. Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Marmara University Medical Center, Istanbul, Turkey

    Muhittin Belirgen

Authors
  1. M. MemetÖzek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhittin Belirgen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

MemetÖzek, M., Belirgen, M. (2008). Vertebral Anomalies and Spinal Malformations in Myelomeningocele. In: The Spina Bifida. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0651-5_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0651-5_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0650-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0651-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation