Skip to main content

Injectable Bulking Agents

  • Chapter
Fecal Incontinence

Abstract

Faecal incontinence is a common but complex problem that can be difficult to treat successfully. Whereas some patients are helped by antidiarrhoeal drugs such as loperamide or codeine phosphate, this is a holding measure rather than a cure. Surgical treatments are limited, and some are complex with a high morbidity rate. The search for minimally invasive therapies continues. Sacral nerve stimulation is becoming the preferred option in many cases of internal and external anal sphincter dysfunction, but it is expensive and involves a two-stage procedure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Murless BC (1938) The injection treatment of stress incontinence. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 45:67–73

    Google Scholar 

  2. Shafik A (1993). Polytetrafluoroethylene injection for the treatment of partial fecal incontinence. Int Surg 78(2):159–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Shafik A (1995) Perianal injection of autologous fatfor treatment of sphincteric incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 38(6):583–587

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bernardi C, Favetta U, Pescatori M (1998) Autologous fat injection for treatment of fecal incontinence: manometric and echographic assessment. Plast Reconstr Surg 102(5):1626–1628

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Tjandra JJ, Lim JF, Hiscock R, Rajendra P (2004) Injectable silicone biomaterial for fecal incontinence caused by internal anal sphincter dysfunction is effective. Dis Colon Rectum 47(12):2138–2146

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Currie I, Drutz HP, Deck J, Oxorn D (1997) Adipose tissue and lipid droplet embolism following periurethral injection of autologous fat: case report and review of the literature. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 8(6):377–380

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Yoon SS, Chang DI, Chung KC (2003) Acute fatal stroke immediately following autologous fat injection into the face. Neurology 61(8):1151–1152

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Thaunat O, Thaler F, Loirat P (2004) Cerebral fat embolism induced by facial fat injection. Plast Reconstr Surg 113(7):2235–2236

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sweat SD, Lightner DJ (1999) Complications of sterile abscess formation and pulmonary embolism following periurethral bulking agents. J Urol 161(1):93–96

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Carlin BI, Klutke CG (2000) Development of urethrovaginal fistula following periurethral collagen injection. J Urol 164:124

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Pickard R, Reaper J, Wyness L (2003) Periurethral injection therapy for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD003881

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Corcos J, Collet JP, Shapiro S et al (2005) Multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing surgery and collagen injections for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence. Urology 65(5):898–904

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Chrouser KL, Fick F, Goel A et al (2004) Carbon coated zirconium beads in beta-glucan gel and bovine glutaraldehyde cross-linked collagen injections for intrinsic sphincter deficiency: continence and satisfaction after extended followup. J Urol 171(3):1152–1155

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. ter Meulen PH, Berghmans LC, van Kerrebroeck PE (2003) Systematic review: efficacy of silicone microimplants (Macroplastique) therapy for stress urinary incontinence in adult women. Eur Urol 44(5):573–582

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Feretis C, Benakis P, Dailianas A et al (2001) Implantation of microballoons in the management of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 44(11):1605–1609

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Pannek J, Brands FH, Senge T (2001) Particle migration after transurethral injection of carbon coated beads for stress urinary incontinence. J Urol 166(4):1350–1353

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Madjar S, Sharma AK, Waltzer WC et al (2006) Periurethral mass formations following bulking agent injection for the treatment of urinary incontinence. J Urol 175(4):1408–1410

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Davis K, Kumar D, Poloniecki J (2003) Preliminary evaluation of an injectable anal sphincter bulking agent (Durasphere) in the management of faecal incontinence. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 18(2):237–243

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Palma PC, Riccetto CL, Martins MH et al (2006) Massive prolapse of the urethral mucosa following periurethral injection of calcium hydroxylapatite for stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 17(6):670–671

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mayer R, Lightfoot M, Jung I (2001) Preliminary evaluation of calcium hydroxylapatite as a transurethral bulking agent for stress urinary incontinence. Urology 57(3):434–438

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Stenberg AM, Larsson G, Johnson P (2003) Urethral injection for stress urinary incontinence: long-term results with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 14(5):335–338; discussion 338

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Bano F, Barrington JW, Dyer R (2005) Comparison between porcine dermal implant (Permacol) and silicone injection (Macroplastique) for urodynamic stress incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 16(2):147–150; discussion 150

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Teo R, Mayne C, Barrington J, Freeman R (2004) An open clinical evaluation of Permacol injection as new urethral bulking agent: an updated 12 month followup. In: International Continence Society (ICS) 34th annual meeting. Paris

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lose G (2004) A new bulking agent (Aquamid) in treating female stress urinary incontinence. In: International Continence Society (ICS) 34th Annual Meeting. Paris

    Google Scholar 

  25. Dmochowski R, Herschorn S, Karram M et al (2004) Multicenter randomized controlled trial to evaluate Uryx urethral bulking agent in treating female stress urinary incontinence: comparison of initial and expansion phases of trial. In: International Continence Society (ICS) 34th Annual Meeting. Paris

    Google Scholar 

  26. Schultz DG (2005) FDA Preliminary Public Health Notification*: Recall of Boston Scientific procedure kits and injector single packs for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In: Health CfDaR (ed) Food and Drug Administration

    Google Scholar 

  27. Strasser H, Marksteiner R, Margreiter E et al (2004) Stem cell therapy for urinary incontinence. Urologe A 43(10):1237–1241

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Jack GS, Almeida FG, Zhang R et al (2001) Processed lipoaspirate cells for tissue engineering of the lower urinary tract: implications for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence and bladder reconstruction. J Urol 174(5):2041–2045

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Malouf AJ, Vaizey CJ, Norton CS, Kamm MA (2001) Internal anal sphincter augmentation for fecal incontinence using injectable silicone biomaterial. Dis Colon Rectum 44(4):595–600

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

References

  1. Tjandra JJ, Tan JJY (2007) Evolving therapy for fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tjandra JJ, Lim JF, Hiscock R, Rajendra P (2004) Injectable silicone biomaterial for fecal incontinence due to internal anal sphincter dysfunction is effective. Dis Colon Rectum 47:2138–2146

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Tjandra JJ, Tan J, Lim JF, Murray-Green C (2006) Long-term results of injectable silicone biomaterial for passive fecal incontinence — a randomized trial. Dis Colon Rectum 49:730–731

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Tan JJ, Tjandra J (2006) Reinjection of injectable silicone biomaterial (PTQâ„¢) is not as effective as the initial injection. Dis Colon Rectum 49:761

    Google Scholar 

  5. Tjandra JJ, Yeh H, Chan M (2007) Injectable silicone biomaterial is more effective than Durasphere® in treating passive fecal incontinence — a randomized trial. Dis Colon Rectum (in press)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vaizey, C.J., Maeda, Y., Tjandra, J.J. (2007). Injectable Bulking Agents. In: Ratto, C., Doglietto, G.B., Lowry, A.C., PÃ¥hlman, L., Romano, G. (eds) Fecal Incontinence. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0638-6_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0638-6_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0637-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0638-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics