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COX-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Cachexia

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Cachexia and Wasting: A Modern Approach

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Abstract

Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme catalysing the synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) from arachidonic acid. Cells contain genes coding for two isoforms of COX (COX-1 and COX-2). COX-1 is expressed constitutively in most tissues and appears to be responsible for the production of PGs that mediate normal physiological functions, such as maintenance of the integrity of the gastric mucosa and regulation of renal blood flow. In contrast, COX-2 is undetectable in most normal tissues: it is induced by cytokines, growth factors, oncogenes and tumour promoters, and it contributes to the synthesis of PGs in inflamed and neoplastic tissues [1]. COX-2 is induced in many human tumours and is associated with aberrant angiogenesis in a number of pathological settings, especially those involving inflammation. It has been well demonstrated that dysregulation of COX-2 expression correlates with development of gastrointestinal cancers.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Giovanni Mantovani

Authors
  1. Giovanni Mantovani
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy

    Giovanni Mantovani

  2. Department of Clinical Cardiology, Imperial College, NHLI, London, UK

    Stefan D. Anker

  3. Department of Cardiology Charité, Applied Cachexia Research, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany

    Stefan D. Anker

  4. Department of Behavioral Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan

    Akio Inui

  5. GRECC, VA Medical Center and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA

    John E. Morley

  6. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Rome, La Sapienza, Rome, Italy

    Filippo Rossi Fanelli

  7. Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS S.Matteo Polyclinic, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy

    Daniele Scevola

  8. Bone Marrow and Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Center for Lymphoma and Myeloma, New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Michael W. Schuster

  9. Department of Medicine-Geriatrics, University of New York at Stony Brook VAMC, Northport, NY, USA

    Shing-Shing Yeh

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© 2006 Springer-Verlag Italia

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Mantovani, G. (2006). COX-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Cachexia. In: Mantovani, G., et al. Cachexia and Wasting: A Modern Approach. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0552-5_65

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0552-5_65

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0471-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0552-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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