Abstract
Body silhouette is defined by skeleton framework, muscle masses and fat distribution All these anatomical components are genetically fixed, related to growth hormones and sex hormones, and modified by extrinsic factors such as age, physical exercise, diet, constrictive garments, way of living and general health conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Harris TB, Visser M, Everhart J et al (2000) Waist cir-cumference and sagittal diameter reflect total body fat better than visceral fat in older men and women. The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Ann NY Acad Sci 904:462–473
Schwartz RS, Shuman WP, Bradbury VL et al (1990) Body fat distribution in healthy young and older men. J Gerontol 45:M181–M185
Reidenbach MM, Schmidt HM (1993) Clinical anato-my of the fat body in the forearm and in the palm. Ann Anat 175:11–20
Testut L, Jacob O (1921) Traité d’anatomie topographique avec applications médico-chirurgi-cales. Paris, Doin
Illouz YG (1990) Study of subcutaneous fat. Aesth Plast Surg 14:165–177
Markman B, Barton FE Jr (1987) Anatomy of the subcutaneous tissue of the trunk and lower extremity. Plast Reconstr Surg 80:248–254
Avelar J ( 1989) Regional distribution and behaviour of the subcutaneous tissue concerning selection and in-dication for liposuction. Aesth Plast Surg 13:155–165
Murakami M, Arai S, Nagai Y et al (1997) Subcutaneous fat distribution of the abdomen and buttocks in Japanese women aged 20 to 58 years. Appl Human Sci 16:167–177
Zhang HM, Yan YP, Qi KM et al (2002) Anatomical structure of the buccal fatpad and its clinical adap-tations. Plast Reconstr Surg 109:2509–2518
Copcu E, Metin K, Ozsunar Y et al (2004) The inter-domal fat pad of the nose: a new anatomical struc-ture. Surg Radiol Anat 26:14–18
Vahlensieck M, Wiggert E, Wagner U et al (1996) Subacromial fat pad. Surg Radiol Anat 18:33–36
Charpy M (1907) Le coussinet graisseux lombo-fessier. Bibliogr Anat Berger-levrault, Paris, pp 207–217
Giron JP, Sick H, Koritke JG (1981) Topography, structure and vascularization of the fat pad of the lumbar trigone (corpus adiposum trigoni lumbalis). Arch Anat Histol Embryol 64:173–182
Kahn JL, Wolfram-Gabel R (2004) The lumbo-gluteal adipose body. Surg Radiol Anat 26:319–324
Le Pasteur J (1994) Adipose pad of the external sub-malleolar fossa. Anatomy and value in liposuction of the lower limbs. Ann Chir Plast Esthet 39:377–383
Bremond-Gignac D, Copin H, Kohler C et al (2001) The lateral inframalleolar fat pad: a poorly recog-nized anatomical structure. Surg Radiol Anat 23:325–329
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Faga, A. (2006). Body Silhouette and Body Fat Distribution. In: Mantovani, G., et al. Cachexia and Wasting: A Modern Approach. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0552-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0552-5_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0471-9
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0552-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)