Estratto
L’osteoporosi è la malattia dell’osso più comune nella pratica dinica. La sua incidenza aumenta con l’età sino ad interessare la maggior parte della popolazione oltre l’ottava decade di vita. Negli Stati Uniti ne sono affetti oltre 25 milioni di persone [1, 2], mentre in Italia si stima che ci siano oggi, circa 3,5 milioni di donne ed 1 milione di uomini affetti da osteoporosi. Poiché nei prossimi 20 anni la percentuale della popolazione italiana al di sopra dei 65 anni d’età aumenterà del 25%, ci si deve attendere un proporzionale incremento dell’incidenza dell’osteoporosi. Il rischio di andare incontro ad una frattura su base osteoporotica a carico del radio, dei corpi vertebrali o del femore prossimale è di circa il 15% per ogni sito sopraelencato e raggiunge il 40% per un qualsiasi sito.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliografia
Kushner P (1998) Osteoporosis: unmasking the silent epidemic. Hosp Med 34: 25–26, 32–34, 37–39
Bengner U, Johnell O, Redlund-Jhonell I (1988) Changes in incidence and prevalence of vertebral fractures during 30 years. Calcif Tissue Int. 42:293–296
Chrischilles EA, Butler CD, Davis CS, Wallace RB (1991) A model of lifetime osteoporosis impact. Arch Intern Med 151:2026–2032
Cummings RG, Nevitt MC, Cummings Sr (1997) Epidemiology of hip fractures. Epidemiol Rev 19:244–257
Riis BJ, Hansen NA, Jensen AM et al (1996) Low bone mass and fast rate of bone loss at menopause: equal risk factors for future fracture: a 15 years follow-up study. Bone 19:9–12
Cummings Sr, Black DM, Nevit MC et al (1993) Bone density at various site for prediction of hip fracture. Lancet 141:72–75
Ramzi RH, Osam KK (2004) Osteoporosis for the Home Care Physician, part 1: etiology and current diagnostic strategies. J Am Med Dir Assoc 5:192–196
Diez F (2002) Guide lines for the diagnosis of osteoporosis by densitometric methods. J of Man and Physiol Therap 25:403–415
Marshall D, Johnell O, Wedel H (1996) Meta-analysis of how well measure of bone mineral density predict occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. Br Med J 312:1254–1259
Hodgson SF, Johnston CC (1996) AACE Clinical practice guide-lines for the prevention and treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Developed by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology
Larcos G (1998) Predicting clinical discordance of bone mineral density. Mayo Clin Proc 73:824–828
Smith J, Shoukri K (2000) Diagnosis of osteoporosis. Clin Cornerston 2:22–33
Cosman F, Herrington B, Himmelstein S et al (1991) Radiographic absorptiometry. A simple method for determination of bone mass. Osteoporos Int 2:34–38
Organization Mondiale de la Santè (1994) Èvaluation du risqué de fracture et son application au dèpistage de ostèoporose post-mènopausique. Genève: OMS
Campailla E, Mastidoro L, Causero A, Focolari G (1996) Markers biochimici di turnover osseo. In: L’osteoporosi e la sua diagnosi sonografica. Ed. Nuovagrafica Carpi
Kelly TL, Slovik DM, Schoenfeld DA et al (1998) Quantitative digital radiography versus dual photon absorptiometry of the lumbar spine. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67:839–844
Finkelstein JS, Cleary LR, Butler JP et al (1994) A comparison of laterale versus anterior-posterior spine dual energy X-ray absorptiometry for the diagnosis of osteopenia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78:724–730
Myers BS, Arbogast KB, Lobaugh B et al (1984) Improved assessment of lumbar vertebral body strength using supine lateral dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. J Bone Miner Res 9:687
European Commission. Report on osteoporosis in the European Community (1998) Action for prevention. Luxembourg: Eur-OP
National Osteoporosis Foundation (1998) Physician’s Guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Washington DC: NOF
Eddy DM, Johnston ML, Cummings SR et al (1998) Osteoporosis: review of the evidence for prevention, diagnosis, treatment and cost-effectiveness analysis. Osteoporos Int 8:S3–S82
Yamada M, Ito M, Hayashi K et al (1994) Dual X-ray absorptiometry of the calcaneus: comparison with other techniques to assess bone density and value in predicting risk of spine fracture. Am J Roetgenol 163:1435–1440
Pacifici R, Rupich R, Griffin M et al (1990) Dual energy radiography versus quantitative computer tomography for the diagnosis of the osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 70:705–710
AACE Guidelines (2003) American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis: 2001 edition, with selected updates for 2003. Endocr Pract 9:54–64
Bauer DC, Gluer CC, Genant HK et al (1995) Quantitative ultrasound and vertebral fracture in post-menopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 10:353–358
Thompson P, Taylor J, Fisher A et al (1998) Quantitative heel ultrasound in 3180 women between 45 and 75 years of age: compliance, normal ranges and relationship to fracture history. Osteoporos Int 8:211–214
Bauer DC, Gluer CC, Cauley JA et al (1997) Broadband ultrasound attenuation predicts fractures strongly and independently of densitometry in older women. Arch Inter Med 157:629–634
Khaw KT, Reeve J, Luben R et al (2004) Prediction of total and hip fracture risk in men at women by quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus: EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study. Lancet 363:197–202
Diez-Perez A, Marin F, Vila J et al (2003) Evaluation of calcaneal quantitative ultrasound in a primary care setting as a screening tool for osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. J Clin Densitom 6:237–245
Varney LF, Parker LA, Vincelette A et al (1999) Classification of osteoporosis and osteopenia in post-menopausal women is dependent on site-specific analysis. J Clin Densitom 2:275–283
Marin F, Lopez-Bastida J, Diez-Perez A, Sacristan JA (2004) Bone mineral density referral for dual energy x-ray absorptiometry using quantitative ultrasound as a pre-screening tool in post-menopausal women from the general population: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Calcif Tissue Int. 74:277–283
Royal College of Physicians (1999) Osteoporosis, Clinical guidelines of prevention and treatment. London: RCP
National Institutes of Health (2000) Consensus Development Conference on osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis and therapy Bethsda MD: NIH
NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy (2001) Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis and therapy. JAMA 285:785–795
Genant HK, Cooper C, Poor G, Reid I et al (1999) Interim report and recommendations of the WHO task force for osteoprosis. Osteoporos Int 10:259–264
Sociètè des Obstètriciens et Ginècologues du Canada (1998) Conference canadienne de consensus sur la mènopause e l’ostèoporose. J Soc Obstèt Ginècol Can 20:1–72
Agence Nazionale d’Accreditation et d’Èvaluation en Santè (2000) Les indications des measures quantitatives du tissue osseux: actualisation. Paris: ANAES
Report of a WHO Study group (1994) Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for post-menopausal osteoporosis. WHO Tech Rep Ser 843:3–5
Kanis JA, Melton LJ III, Christiansen C et al (1994) The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 9:1137–1141
Compston JE, Papapoulos SE, Blanchard F (1998) Report on osteoporosis in the European Community: current status and recommendations for the future. Working Party from European Union Member States. Osteoporos Int 8:531–534
Hanley DA, Josse RG (1996) Prevention and management of osteoporosis: consensus statements from the Scientific Advisory Board of the Osteoporosis Society of Canada. 1. Introduction. Can Med Assoc J 155:921–923
Siebzetner MI (2000) Consensus statement on prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Isr Med Assoc J 2:397–401
NIH Consensus Development Conference on osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis and therapy (2000) Natcher Conference Center Nationale Institutes of Health. Betshda (MD) pp 27–29
National Osteoporosis Foundation. Physician’s guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. (2003) Washington DC: NOF p 1
US Preventive Service Task Force (2002) Screening for osteoporosis in post-menopausal women: recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med 137:526–528
Gambacciani M, de Aloysio D, Elia D et al (2004) Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of bone in the management of post-menopausal women. Maturitas 47:139–149
Jeandel C (2004) Mèthodes diagnostiques de l’osteoporose post-menopausique et leurs indications. La revue de medicine interne 25:S538–S542
Guggenbuhl P, Meadeb J, Chales G et al (2005) Osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus, pelvis and ankle: epidemiology and diagnosis. Join Bone Spine 72:372–375
Koh L (2004) Osteoporosis: assessment for diagnosis, evaluation and treatment. J Men’s Health & Gender 1:204–214
Laugier P (2004) An overview of bone sonometry. International Congress Series 1274:23–32
Kaplan RJ, Vo AN, Stitik TP et al (2005) Rehabilitation of orthopedic and rheumatologic disorders. 1. Osteoporosis assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 86[Suppl l]:S40–S47
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Causero, A., Beltrame, A., Di Benedetto, P., Campailla, E. (2006). Diagnosi strumentale dell’osteoporosi. In: Osteoporosi: le nuove prospettive in ortopedia e traumatologia. Corsi di perfezionamento in ortopedia e traumatologia. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0546-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0546-4_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0545-7
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0546-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)