Skip to main content

Regulación de los precios de los medicamentos: Tendencias recientes y cuestiones desatendidas al final del proceso

  • Chapter
Incentivos a la I+D+i de Medicamentos
  • 406 Accesses

Resumen

En este capítulo se revisa la literatura existente sobre la regulación de precios en el sector farmacéutico. Tras resumir los resultados bien conocidos que constan en la literatura existente, el artículo se centra en la identificación de las cuestiones que continúan estando abiertas, y en proponer nuevos caminos para abordar algunas cuestiones desatendidas. Se plantea que los agentes que intervienen en la parte final del proceso, como los farmacéuticos, tienen mucho que decir en cuanto a los mecanismos de regulación de precios y adquisición para que funcionen de manera eficiente con objeto de promover el lanzamiento de nuevos medicamentos realmente innovadores.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Bibliografía

  • Abood R. Pharmacy Practice and the Law. 5th ed. Sudbury (MA): Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aronsson T, Bergman M, Rudholm N. The impact of generic drug competition on brand name market shares. Evidence from micro data. Review of Industrial Organization. 2001;19:425–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arruñada B. Managing Competition in Professional Services and the Burden of Inertia. In: Ehlermann C-D, Atanasiu I, editors. European Competition Law Annual 2004: The Relationship between Competition Law and the (Liberal) Professions. Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing; 2006. p. 51–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bae JP. Drug patent expirations and the speed of generic entry. Health Services Research. 1997;32:187–201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergman M, Rudholm N. The relative importance of actual and potential competition: Empirical evidence from the pharmaceuticals market. J Industrial Economics. 2003;51:455–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR. Pharmaceutical Price Regulation: A Study on the Impact of the Rate-of-Return Regulation in the UK. Pharmacoeconomics. 1999;15(3):291–303.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR. Drug price differentials caused by formularies and price caps. Int J Economics Business. 2003;10:37–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR, Costas A, Nonell R. Regulation and competition in the market for pharmaceuticals. In: Puig-Junoy J, editor. The public financing of pharmaceuticals: An economic approach. Cheltenham and Northampton: Edward Elgar; 2005. p. 59–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR, Merino A. Los beneficios de una competencia incipiente: descuentos y bonificaciones a oficinas de farmacia. In: Cases L, editor. Anuario de la Competencia 2006. Madrid: Fundación ICOMarcial Pons; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR. Pricing and Patents of HIV/AIDS Drugs in Developing Countries. Applied Economics. 2007;39(4):505–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borrell JR. Assessing Excess Profits from Different Entry Regulations. Working Paper Num. 2009-03. Xarxa de Referencia en Economia Aplicada, Barcelona.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brekke KR, Königbauer I, Straume OR. Reference pricing of pharmaceuticals. J Health Econ. 2007;26: 613–42.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cabrales A, Jiménez-Martín S. The Determinants of Pricing in Pharmaceuticals: Are U.S. prices really higher than those of Canada? Mimeo 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa-Font J, Puig-Junoy J. The pharmaceutical market regulation in Spain: Is drug cost-containment under question? J Pharmaceuticals Finance, Economics and Policy. 2005;13:33–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • COFV & FEFE. Marco Legal Comparado de la Farmacia en Europa. Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos de Valencia y Federación Empresarial de Farmacéuticos Españoles; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danzon PM, Chao WL. Does regulation drive out competition in pharmaceutical markets? J Law Econ. 2000;43:311–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danzon PM, Chao WL. Cross-national price differences for pharmaceuticals: how large, and why? J Health Econ. 2000;19:159–95.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Danzon PM, Ketcham JD. Reference pricing of pharmaceuticals for Medicare: Evidence from Germany, the Netherlands and New Zealand. Forum for Health Economics & Policy, 7. 2004 (Frontiers in Health Policy Research), Article 2. Retrieved from http://www.bepress.com/fhep/7/2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danzon PM, Wang YR, Wang L. The impact of price regulation on the launch delay of new drugs — evidence from twenty-five major markets in the 1990s. Health Economics. 2005;14:269–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Danzon PM, Furukawa M. Cross-National Evidence on Generic Pharmaceuticals: Pharmacy vs. Physician-Driven Markets. NBER Working Paper Series; 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daunfeldt SO, Rudholm N, Bergström F. Entry into Swedish retail and wholesale trade markets. Rev Industrial Organization. 2006;29:213–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daunfeldt SO, Rudholm N. Revenues as a proxy for profits: A cautionary note. Applied Economic Letters. 2009;16:679–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Pouvourville, G (2006). “Risk-sharing agreements for innovative drugs: a new solution to old problems?” Eur J Health Econ. 7(3):155–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Domínguez B, Ganuza JJ, Llobet G. R&D in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A World of Small Innovations. Manage Sci. 2008.55:539–551.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duggan M, Morton SF. The Effect of Medicare Part D on Pharmaceutical Prices and Utilization. Mimeo; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duggan M, Morton SF. “The Distortionary Effects of Government Procurement: Evidence for Medicaid Prescription Drug Purchasing”. Quarterly Journal of Economics. 2006;1:30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekelund M. Generic entry before and after the introduction of reference prices. In: Ekelund M, editor. Competition and innovation in the Swedish pharmaceutical market. Dissertation. Chapter 4. Stockholm School of Economics; 2001. p. 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekelund M, Persson B. Pharmaceutical pricing in a regulated market. Review of Economics and Statistics. 2003;85:298–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellison G, Ellison SF. Strategic Entry Deterrece and the Behaviour of Pharmaceutical Incumbents Prior to Patent Expiration. NBER Working Paper; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. Pharmaceutical Sector Inquiry. Preliminary Report. DG Competition Staff Working Paper, Brussels; 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans R. Supplier-Induced Demand: Some Empirical Evidence and Implications. In: Perlman M, editor. The Economics of Health and Medical Care. London: Macmillan; 1974. p. 162–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank RG, Salkever DS. Generic entry and the pricing of pharmaceuticals. J Economics Management Strategy. 1997;6:75–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grabowski HG, Vernon JM. Brand loyalty, entry, and price competition in pharmaceuticals after the 1984 drug act. J Law Econ. 1992;35:331–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman G, Lai E. International Protection of Intellectual Property. Am Econ Rev. 2004;94:1635–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollis A. How do brands ‘own generics’ affect pharmaceutical prices? Rev Industrial Organization. 2005;27:329–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong SH, Shepherd MD, Scoones D, Wan TTH. Product-line extensions and pricing strategies of brandname drugs facing patent expiration. J Managed Care Pharmacy. 2005;11:746–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudson J. Generic take-up in the pharmaceutical market following patent expiry: A multi-country study. Int Rev Law Econ. 2000;24:103–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iizuka T. Generic entry in a regulated pharmaceutical market. Japanese Econ Rev. 2009;60:63–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jansson E. Libre competencia frente a regulación en la distribución minorista de medicamentos. Rev Econ Apl. 1999;19:85–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Königbauer I. Advertising and generic market entry. J Health Econ. 2006;26:286–305.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kyle M. Pharmaceutical Price Controls and Entry Strategies. Rev Econ Statistics. 2007;89(1):88–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • López-Casasnovas G, Puig-Junoy J. Review of the literature on reference pricing. Health Policy. 2000;54:87–123.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magazzini L, Pammolli F, Riccaboni M. Dynamic competition in pharmaceuticals: Patent expiry, generic penetration, and industry Structure. Eur J Health Econ. 2004;5:175–82.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mestre-Ferrándiz J. The impact of generic goods in the pharmaceutical industry. Health Economics. 1999;8:599–612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moreno I, Puig J, Borrell JR. Generic Entry into the Regulated Spanish Pharmaceutical Market. Rev Industrial Organization. 2009;34(4):373–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mossialos E, Mrazek M. The Regulation of Pharmacies in Six Countries. Report prepared for the Office of Fair Trading London; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Motta M. Competition Policy. Theory and Practice. Cambridge University Press; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nuscheller R. Physician reimbursement, time, consistency, and the quality of care. J Institutional Theoretical Econ. 2003;159:302–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ÖBIG. Surveying, Assessing and Analyzing the Pharmaceutical Sector in the 25 EU Member States. Report Commissioned by the DG Competition — European Commission. Brussels: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities; 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puig-Junoy J. Incentives and pharmaceutical reimbursement reforms in Spain. Health Policy. 2004;67:149–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Puig-Junoy J. Los medicamentos genéricos pagan el precio de ser referencia. Rev Admin Sanit. 2004;2: 35–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Puig-Junoy J. The impact of generic reference pricing interventions in the statin market. Health Policy. 2007;84:14–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Regan TL. Generic entry, price competition, and market segmentation in the prescription drug market. Int J Industrial Organization. 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiffen D, Ward ME. Generic drug industry dynamics. Review of Economics and Statistics. 2005;87:37–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reiffen D, Ward ME. Branded generics’ as a strategy to limit cannibalization of pharmaceutical markets. Managerial and Decision Economics. 2007;28:251–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rey P. The impact of parallel imports on prescription medicines. Mimeo. 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudholm N. Entry and the number of firms in the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. Rev Industrial Organization. 2001;19:351–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rudholm N. Competition and substitutability in the Swedish pharmaceuticals market. Applied Econ. 2003;35:1609–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saha A, Grabowski H, Birnbaum H, Greenberg P. Generic competition in the US pharmaceutical industry. Int J Econ Business. 2006;13:15–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauri L. Price Bargaining, Parallel Trade and Incentives to Innovate. European University Institute, Mimeo; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott Morton F. Entry decisions in the generic pharmaceutical industry. RAND J Econ. 1999;30:421–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott Morton F. Barriers to entry, brand advertising, and generic entry in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry. Int J Industrial Organization. 2000;18:1085–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Segura P. The peculiar patent and generic situation in Spain. Scrip Magazine. 1997;58:23–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaumans C, Verboven F. Entry and regulation. Evidence from health care professions. RAND J Econ. 2008;22:490–504.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szymanski S, Valletti TM. Parallel trade, price discrimination, investment and price caps. Economic Policy. 2005;20:705–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Valletti TM. Differential pricing, parallel trade, and the incentive to invest. J Int Econ. 2006;70(1):314–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waterson M. Retail Pharmacy in Melbourne: Actual and Optimal Densities. J Industrial Economics. 1993;41:403–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Healthcare Communications Iberica SL.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Borrell, JR. (2012). Regulación de los precios de los medicamentos: Tendencias recientes y cuestiones desatendidas al final del proceso. In: Incentivos a la I+D+i de Medicamentos. Springer Healthcare, Madrid. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-84-938062-9-3_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-84-938062-9-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer Healthcare, Madrid

  • Print ISBN: 978-84-938062-2-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-84-938062-9-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics