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Evolution of the cerebral cortex in amniotes: Anatomical consideration of neuronal types

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Nature at Work: Ongoing Saga of Evolution

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Abstract

The cerebral cortex is a thin sheet of nervous tissue in the roof of the cerebrum of amniotes. The cerebral cortex of reptiles is divided into four areas viz. medial, dorsomedial, dorsal and lateral cortices having different neuronal components. The areas of the hippocampal complex of birds are subdivided into a dorsal parahippocampal region and a ventral hippocampus. The different neuronal types divide the hippocampus of birds into five fields viz. medial and lateral hippocampus, parahippocampal area, central field of parahippocampal area and crescent field. The cerebral cortex of mammals is a complex structure. The neocortex of mammals shows the typical six layered structure in the frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes having typical pyramidal and nonpyramidal neurons which show phenotypic variations. Neuronal types in cerebral cortex of reptiles, birds and mammals have been compared to determine homologous structures. The possible homologous structures have been mentioned in final comments.

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  1. Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, 211002, India

    U. C. Srivastava & R. C. Maurya

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    Vinod P. Sharma

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Srivastava, U.C., Maurya, R.C. (2010). Evolution of the cerebral cortex in amniotes: Anatomical consideration of neuronal types. In: Sharma, V.P. (eds) Nature at Work: Ongoing Saga of Evolution. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-8489-992-4_21

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