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Nitric Oxide Signaling in Depression and Antidepressant Action

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Melatonin, Neuroprotective Agents and Antidepressant Therapy

Abstract

The pathogenesis of mood disorders remains elusive, but it is evident that multiple factors, genetic and environmental, play a crucial role for adult psychopathology and neurobiology. With regard to therapy, a significant proportion of affective disorder patients are partial or nonresponders, and there has been no major breakthrough in finding novel effective drug targets since the introduction of the current marketed antidepressant drugs in the 1950s to the 1980s, which all are based on monoaminergic pharmacological effects. Consequently, there exists a pressing need to develop novel treatment strategies – and ultimately understand the etiology and pathophysiology of affective disorders.

Nitric oxide serves an important role in the nervous system, where it acts as a messenger molecule in a number of physiological processes, including processes being linked to the major psychiatric diseases. This chapter will review general aspects of the NO system in major depressive disorder (MDD), as well as focus on the inhibition of NO production as putative therapeutic agents toward depression.

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Acknowledgments

GW was supported by the Danish Medical Research Council (Grant 11-107897) and the AU-IDEAS Initiative (eMOOD). SJ was supported by CNPq and FAPESP.

Conflicts of Interest

SJ declare no conflicts of interest. GW has received honorarium from H. Lundbeck A/S, AstraZeneca AB, Servier A/S, and Eli Lilly A/S.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

    Gregers Wegener

  2. Centre for Pharmaceutical Excellence, School of Pharmacy, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa

    Gregers Wegener

  3. Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Sâmia R. L. Joca

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    Cecilio Álamo

  5. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Takahiro A. Kato

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Wegener, G., Joca, S.R.L. (2016). Nitric Oxide Signaling in Depression and Antidepressant Action. In: López-Muñoz, F., Srinivasan, V., de Berardis, D., Álamo, C., Kato, T. (eds) Melatonin, Neuroprotective Agents and Antidepressant Therapy. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2803-5_45

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